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CIT Info Security > Cit > Flashcards

Cit Flashcards

1
Q

What is Information Security?

A

It is the protecting of information and information systems from unauthorized access, use etc.

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2
Q

What is information assets?

A

Data that one deems valuable.
It can be either physical or digital.

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3
Q

Examples of information assets.

A

Paper documents
Digital documents
Password
Software
Source
Etc

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4
Q

What is our most important assets?

A

People

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5
Q

What should we consider when securing an asset?

A

We must consider how the level of security relates to the value of the asset.
Example
If it is very valuable it should have high security.
Vice versa

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6
Q

What are the 3 types of security controls?

A

Prevention
Detection
Recovery

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7
Q

What is prevention in security controls?

A

They try to prevent an incident from happening.

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8
Q

What is detection in security controls?

A

They try to detect incidents after they have happened.

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9
Q

What is recovery in security controls?

A

They try to reverse the impact of an incident.

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10
Q

What is the CIA Triad?

A

Confidentiality
Availability
Integrity

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11
Q

What is confidentiality in the CIA?

A

This means information should only be accessible to those who are authorized to access it.

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12
Q

What is Integrity in the CIA Triad?

A

It means information should not be tampered with by unauthorized people.

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13
Q

What is Availability in the CIA Triad?

A

It is ensuring that data is accessible and usable when needed.

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14
Q

What is the Parkerian hexad?

A

It is an extension of the CIA Triad
It adds 3 more to the CIA.

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15
Q

What is possession in the Parkerian hexad?

A

It refers to the physical arrangement of media which the data is stored on.

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16
Q

What is authenticity in the Parkerian hexad?

A

It is about verifying the origin and legitimacy of the data.
It ensures that the data comes from a reliable source.

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17
Q

What is utility in the Parkerian hexad?

A

It is how useful and relevant the data is.
It should server its purpose.

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18
Q

What is an attack?

A

An attack is a security threat that involves an attempt to obtain, change, destroy, implant or reveal info with out permission.

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19
Q

What are the 4 types of attacks?

A

Interception
Interruption
Modification
Fabrication

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20
Q

What is interception?

A

It allow unauthorized users to access data and applications.
Attack against confidentiality.

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21
Q

What are some examples of interception attacks?

A

Eavesdropping
Wiretapping
Key logging

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22
Q

What is interruption?

A

It is when a network service (data) is made unavailable.
Attacks against Availability.

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23
Q

What are some examples of interruption?

A

Ransomware
DDos/overloading
Cutting a communication line.

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24
Q

What is modification?

A

It is an attack against the integrity of the information.

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25
Q

What are the 3 types of modification?

A

Change: change existing information.
Insertion: Adding information that was not originally there.
Deletion:
Removal of existing information.

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26
Q

What are some examples of modification?

A

Data tampering
Changing the contents of a message.
Altering programs actions.

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27
Q

What is fabrication?

A

It is the creation of fake data, identifies, information with the intent to gain unauthorized access.
Attack on integrity and availability

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28
Q

What is spoofing?

A

Fake email trying to pretend it is real.

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29
Q

What is an information security threat?

A

Any thing that can harm the CIA of business’s information.

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30
Q

What are the 3 types of information security threats.

A

Abusers and Misusers
Accidental occurrences
Natural Physical Forces

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31
Q

What is abusers and misusers

A

It occurs when users inappropriately use their privalages whether intentional or not.

32
Q

What is accidental occurrences.

A

It occurs when an employee’s actions lead to damages to the company’s data and system.

33
Q

What is natural physical forces?

A

They are non human threats.
Examples: Floods, earthquakes etc

34
Q

What is defense in depth?

A

It is a multilayered defense system.

35
Q

What are the type of controls?

A

Physical
Administrative
Technical

36
Q

What is physical controls?

A

Stuff like fences, gates, locks cameras, guards, ac

37
Q

What is administrative controls?

A

Based on rules, policies, tos etc.

38
Q

What are technical controls?

A

Passwords, encryption, firewalls, etc

39
Q

What is identification?

A

It is a claim of who you are.

40
Q

What is identity verification?

A

Examples showing ID card, drivers license

41
Q

What is authentication?

A

It is a set of methods used to establish a claim of identity to be true.

42
Q

What are the types of authentication factors.

A

Something you know
Something you are
Something you have
Something you do
Where you are located

43
Q

Examples of something you know

A

Passwords
PINs

44
Q

Examples of something you are

A

Biometrics
Fingerprints
Iris

45
Q

Examples of something have

A

Cards
Phones
Keys

46
Q

Examples of something do

A

Handwriting
How you walk
How you talk

47
Q

What is Where you are located

A

It depends on where the person is physically present.

48
Q

What is multifactor authentication

A

It uses one or more something you etc.

49
Q

What is mutual authentication

A

It is when both parties authenticate each other.
It is mostly implemented through digit certificates.

50
Q

What is manual synchronization of passwords?

A

Using the same password everywhere

51
Q

What is enrollment

A

Recording biometrics

52
Q

What is a hardware token?

A

Example credit cards
Works like google authenticator but usb.

53
Q

What is authorization?

A

It is what the user is allowed to access or do.

54
Q

What is principle of least privilege

A

Only the bare minimum of access should be allowed.

55
Q

What are the types of access controls

A

Allowing access
Denying access
Limiting access
Revoking access

56
Q

What is Access control lists

A

It’s a lists of rules that determine who is allowed or denied access to a computer system, network etc.

57
Q

What are the 2 identifiers

A

Internet protocol addresses
Media access control addresses

58
Q

What is accountability

A

It provides us with means to trace activities back to their source.

59
Q

What is nonrepudiation

A

It’s a situation where evidence exists to prevent a person from denying that they made a statement or taken an action.

60
Q

What is deterrence

A

Deters against misbehavior and misuse.

61
Q

What is auditing

A

It is the reviewing and examining of records, systems etc

62
Q

What is logging?

A

It gives us a history of the activities that has happened.

63
Q

What is monitoring?

A

It is the watching of specific items of collected data.

64
Q

What are vulnerabilities assessment

A

They involve using scanning tools to locate vulnerabilities in the system.

65
Q

What is cryptography

A

It is the science of keeping information secure.

66
Q

What is a cryptosystem

A

It’s a structure consisting of algorithms that turn plaintext to ciphertext.

67
Q

What are the components of a cryptosystem

A

Plaintext
Ciphertext
Encryption algorithm
Decryption algorithm
Encryption key
Decryption key

68
Q

What is plain text

A

It is the data that needs to be protected.

69
Q

What is encryption algorithm

A

It is a process that produces a cipher text for plain text and an encryption key.

70
Q

What is ciphertext

A

It is the scrambled version of the plaintext.

71
Q

What is the decryption algorithm

A

The reverse of the encryption one

72
Q

What is an encryption key

A

It is inputted in the encryption algorithm along with the plaintext to compute the cipher text.

73
Q

What is a decryption key

A

It is inputted in the decryption algorithm along with the cipher text to compute the plaintext

74
Q

What are the 2 types of cryptosystems

A

Symmetric key encryption
Asymmetric key encryption

75
Q

What is the symmetric key encryption

A

Uses a single key for both encryption and decryption

76
Q

What is asymmetric key encryption

A

Uses a public key and private key

77
Q

What are hashes used for?

A

To discover if the original contents of a message has been changed

CIT Info Security (4 decks)

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