CIS McGowan Flashcards
what is eructation?
edentulous
dysphagia?
odynophagia
Mittelschmerz
burping
no teeth
hard to swallow
painful swallowing
feeling ovulation
Melana?
hematochesia?
hematemesis
melanic stools. Black tar sticky stool. UPPER GI BLEED
maroon stool
coffee ground like material. Upper GI bleed
Caput Madusae?
protuberant abdomen. liver disease but portal hypertension technically.
Cakecksia
muscle wasting
what medicine can cause black or red stools?
Beets
Pepto Bismol (but not tarry sticky stools)
black licorice, blood sausage, iron pills… etc.
What can cause lower quadrant abdominal pain?
appendicitis
ectopic pregnancy
cyst
hernia
Vindicate mnemonic for differential?
vascular infectious/inflammatory neoplasm drugs/degenerative Iatrogenic/Idiopathic Congenital Autoimmune/allergic/anatomic Trauma Endemic
no bowel movement or flatus term?
obstipation
most common risk factor for small bowel obstruction?
prior surgeries!
What could present as oropharyngeal dysphagia?
Parkinsons Schatzki ring Esophageal cancer Achalasia Scleroderma
Parkinsons = oropharyngeal (action of swallowing neurologically)
Schatzki ring = esophageal (distal esophagus)
Esophageal cancer = esophageal (usually lower esophagus)
Achalasia = esophageal
Scleroderma = esophageal
What is Schatski ring?
extra sphincter like thing before the LES happens
what is the term used to describe dysphagia symptoms that are getting worse over time?
Progressive dysphagia
Trypanosoma Cruzi?
causes secondary achalasia, which is CHAGAS DISEASE from this parasite.
esophageal dysphagia ==> motility disorder!
LES isn’t relaxing so we have abnormal peristalsis.
what are some examples of mechanical obstruction of esophageal dysphagia?
Cancer, 50+ age
Food bolus (foreign body)
Eosinophilic Esophagitis –> allergic reaction that makes it hard to swallow food bolus
Oropharyngeall metabolic disorder?
medicines. Anti cholinergic, thyroid disease
Oropharyngeal Neurlogoic
MS, parkinsons
Oropharyngeal structural disorder?
Zenker’s Diverticulum
Cause of primary achalasia?
Loss of nitric oxide-producing inhibitory neurons in the myenteric plexus?
examples of alarm symptoms?
dysphagia, odynophagia, hematemesis, melena, unintential weight loss, persistent vomiting.
constant/severe pain
pituitary neoplasm. elevated calcium level and a 1cm tumor on the pancreas. which would definitively diagnose the suspected dx?
positive secretin stimulation test
Zollinger Ellison syndrome (ZES)
elevated calcium causes what usually?
constipation
fasting gastrin for ZES?
positive urea breath test?
greater than 1000 ng/L
H. Pylori
coffee ground emesis is where at?
NSAIDs give you a higher risk of what?
antrum of the stomach
gastric ulcer.
Rovsing’s sign?
pain in the RLQ when the LLQ is palpated!
shows loss of ulcers and regardless of treatment nothings getting better, what are you thinking?
ZES
H Pylori has a large association with what?
how do we treat that?
malt lymphoma
we get rid of the h pylori and it goes away.
