CIS 3: Heme and Lymph Flashcards

1
Q

Def: Dactylitis

A

B/l dorsal swelling of the hands and feet often seen in childhood in pts w/ SCD

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2
Q

What are the 5 key signs of respiratory distress

A
Retractions/use of accessory ms.
Inability to speak full sentences
Inability to lie flat
Extreme diaphoresis
Restlesness, agitation, decreased consciousness
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3
Q

What are the Dx criteria for Acute Chest Syndrome

A

New pulmonary infiltrate on CXR + chest pain
Temp > 38.5
Tachypnea
Wheezing/Cough/SOB

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4
Q

What are the Tx’s for Acute Chest Syndrome

A
Hydration
Pain control
Respiratory support
Bronchodilators
ABX
Transfusion
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5
Q

What are the characteristic features of splenic sequestration

A

Splenic enlargement and pain
Drop in Hgb of ≥ 2 g/dL
Thrombocytopenia
Reticulocytosis

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6
Q

What supplements are given as Tx for SCD

A

Folic acid
Multivitamin + Fe
Vitamin D and Ca

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7
Q

What 3 things need to be monitored in pts with SCD

A

BP
Retinal exams
Pulse Ox

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8
Q

When do SCD pts get transfusions

A

When pt is hypovolemic and the anemia is Sxatic

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9
Q

What medication is used in SCD

A

Hydroxyurea

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10
Q

What pathogens are pts with SCD particularly susceptible to

A

S. Pneumo
H. Influenzae
N. Meningititis

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11
Q

What prophylactic Tx is given to pts b/w 3 months and 5 yo

A

Penicillin (vaccinations aren’t complete)

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12
Q

What meds are used for thromboembolism prophylaxis in pts with SCD

A

LMWH (Enoxaparin, Dalteparin, Tinzaparin)
UFH
Fondaparinus

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13
Q

What lung disease is common in children with SCD

A

Asthma

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14
Q

What are some precipitating factors to sickling crises

A
Cold weather
Hypoxia
Infection
Dehydration
Acidosis
EtOH
Emotional stress
Pregnancy
Menses
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15
Q

When is OMM not used for pts w/ SCD

A

When they are unstable

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16
Q

What is the goal of the biomechanical model for OMM

A

Reduce O2 demand to the tissues w/ specific focus on mechanical rib function

17
Q

What is the goal of the respirator-circulatory model for OMM

A

Free up diaphragm and improve tissue stasis so they can better receive O2 and get rid of waste

18
Q

What is the goal of the neurologic model for OMM

A

Decreased facilitation and attenuate viscero-visceral, visceral-somatic, and somato-visceral reflexes

19
Q

What is the goal of the bioenergetci-metabolic-immune model for OMM

A

Lymph Tx’s stimulate immune system recruitment/activation which is essential in pts w/ asplenia and pts on opioids

20
Q

What is the goal of the behavioral model for OMM

A

Screening for depression and other social concerns