Circuts Flashcards
_____ ___ - Formula used to calculate the relationship between voltage (V), current (I) and resistance (R) in an electrical circuit
Ohms law
_____ (aka potential difference) - Measured in volts (V). The potential difference that pushes electrons through a circuit. If there’s no voltage there is no current (Ex: outlet or battery)
Voltage
____ - Measured in amps (A). The rate at which charges flow through a complete circuit)
Current
_____ - Measured in ohms (omega symbol). the opposition to an electric currents flow (ex: a lightbulb)
Resistance
Voltage have a ___ relationship with current and resistance
Direct relationship
Current and resistance have an ___ relationship
Inverse relationship
____ measured in watts (W), depends on V, I, and R
Power
___ = charge (q) per time (t). 1 amp = 1 C/s
Current
—| I— (symbol for what?)
Voltage source (V)
——— (symbol for what?
Wire (A)
——(X)—- or —-(squiggle)—- (Symbol for what?)
Lightbulb (ohm symbol)
—-/\/\/— (Symbol for what?)
Resistor (ohm symbol)
—-⚫️/ ⚫️— (Symbol for what?)
Switch
—-(V)—- (Symbol for what?)
Voltmeter (V)
—(A)— (Symbol for what?)
Ammeter (A)
Wires have (high/low) resistance
Low resistance
Resistors (use/don’t use) the voltage that travels through the circuit
Use the voltage
Switches open (current can/cant flow) the circuit
Current Can’t flow
Switched close (current can/cant flow) the circuit
Can flow
+ (high/low potential)
High potential
Electricity chooses the path of (most/least) resistance. Since wires have no resistance electricity will go through a wire instead of a device or circuit (this causes a short circuit)
Least resistance
___-___ - When a wire by-passes a device in a circuit
Short-circuit
Vemf (___ ___) = Voltage of your battery. (Each resistor in a series circuit will use some of this voltage, so the amount of voltage they use should add up to the total, your battery’s voltage)
Total Voltage
RT (___ ____) - In a series circuit you add together the resistance of each resistor to find the total
total resistance
IT (___ ____) - In a series circuit the same amount of current flows through each resistor. (Use ohms law to calculate total current from total voltage and total resistance)
Total current
When voltage increases current ____
Increases
When resistance increases the current ____
Decreases
When voltage increases resistance _____
Increases
In a SERIES CIRCUIT, the current is always ____ (constant/different)
Constant
As we add more resistors in a SERIES, the current ___ (dec/inc). This is because adding more resistors in a SERIES means there is ____ (more/less) resistance to the flow of charge
Decreases
More
The sum of the voltage of all the resistors is (less than/equal to/greater than) the voltage of the battery.
Equal to
In a PARALLEL CIRCUIT the sum of the currents of all the resistors is ___ (less/equal/greater than) the current from the battery.
Equal to
As we add more resistors in a PARALLEL CIRCUIT, the current in the circuit ____ (inc/dec/no change). This is because adding more resistors in a PARALLEL means there is (more/less) resistance to the flow of charge.
Increases
Less
For resistors in PARALLEL, the voltage across each resistor is always ____ (the same/different)
The same
Voltmeters go (parallel/through) the circuit because things in parallel with each other have the same voltage
Parallel
Ammeters go (parallel/through) the circuit because things in series with each other have the same current
Through
Fuses ____ (or break) when too much current passes through it
Melt
Circuit breakers protects against too much current like fuses but they can be ____
Reset
Conventional current flows from the _____ potential to the ____ potential
High to low (positive | to negative I side of battery)
Electron current flows from ____ potential to ___ potential
Low to high (I to | on the battery)
Solve complex circuits by starting with the _____ circuits
Parallel circuits
Converting power to kW
Divide power by 1000
Energy =
Power x time
Cost =
Energy x rate
In a SERIES circuit, what happens to the brightness of the bulbs as more bulbs are added to the circuit?
The bulbs dim as more are added
In a SERIES circuit, what happens to the rest of the bulbs when one bulb goes out?
They all will go out if they share the same path/current
In a PARALLEL circuit, what happens to the brightness of the bulbs as more bulbs are added to the circuit?
The brightness of the bulbs will stay the same
In a PARALLEL circuit, what happens to the other bulbs when one bulb goes out?
If one goes out the others will stay the same because there are multiple pathways for the current to flow
(Thin/thick) wires provide more resistance
Thin
