Circulatory System Flashcards
How many chambers does the heart have?
It has FOUR CHAMBERS
What are the chambers called?
Two upper small chambers called ATRIA
and two larger lower chambers called VENTRICLES
Where is the heart located?
In the upper chest, right of centre, behind the sternum
What is the hearts purpose?
It’s purpose is to pump blood around the body - it supplies tissues with nutrients and oxygen, while at the same time, removing waste product.
What is a ventricle?
A ventricle is two out of four of the hearts chambers.
The ventricle has thicker more muscular walls than the ATRIA, as they are required to push out blood with sufficient pressure, to pass through the whole body.
What is the heart made out of?
Cardiac muscle.
Which has the unique ability to continue contracting when separated from the body
What way does blood travel?
BLOOD ALWAYS TRAVELS FROM A TO V.
What is pulmonary circulation?
Blood flow from the right ventricle to the left atrium.
Bloody supply from right ventricle to left atrium via lungs. Blood flow to lungs passes through pulmonary artery returning to the heart via pulmonary vein.
What is systemic circulation?
The flow of blood from the left ventricle to the right atrium via tissues of the body.
Carries blood from left ventricle to the tissues via a large artery called aorta. Blood returns to the right atrium via large vein called the vena cava. To accommodate bloody flow from both upper and lower body, the be a cava is comprised of both superior and inferior portions.
How many category of blood vessel are there and what are they called?
There are THREE, major category of blood vessel
•arteries
•veins
•capillaries
What do arteries do?
They: •carry blood under high pressure •have thicker walls •more elastic •more smooth muscle
They do not need return valves, pressure alone is enough.
There function is the carry blood away from heart to lung and tissues,
What do veins do?
They: •carry blood under low pressure •have thinner walls •less elastic •less smooth muscle •non-return valves
Veins carry bloody on the return journey back to the heart
Small vessels called venues carry blood from the tissues into the veins
What do capillaries do?
- smaller and most numerous blood vessels
- thinner walls allows efficient exchange of materials.
Capillaries are found in almost every tissue of the body
Capillaries lie between artery and veins where the exchange of oxygen, nutrients and waste product takes place.
What is blood pressure?
A measure of force that the blood applies to the walls of the arteries as it flows through them.
What is systolic blood pressure?
It is pressure of blood when the heart beats
