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A & P > circulatory system > Flashcards

circulatory system Flashcards

1
Q

during systole the aortic valve

A

opens

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2
Q

after blood leaves the right ventricle, It goes to the

A

pulmonary trunk

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3
Q

after blood leaves the right atrium, where does it go to next

A

right ventricle

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4
Q

a bypass graft is for someone who

A

has a blockage on their coronary artery

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5
Q

a stroke can occur when a blood vessel in the brain

A

is broken or is blocked ( both)

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6
Q

where arteries and veins meet. site of nutrient exchange

A

capillaries

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7
Q

hold the heart valves in place

A

chordae tendineae

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8
Q

the peak is the

A

QRS complex

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9
Q

the peak represents what in the heart

A

ventricular systole

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10
Q

which aid blood back to the heart

A

skeletal muscles, precapillary shcniters, contraction of diagram

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11
Q

a heart mummur can be caused by

A

a valve not being fully closed

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12
Q

the superior and inferior vena cava both empty in the

A

right atrium

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13
Q

stenosis is when

A

the vessels are narrowed

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14
Q

the tricuspid and biscupid valves are named for

A

the number of flaps

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15
Q

a defillabrator is used to

A

shock the heart back into rhythm

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16
Q

pulmonary circulation is the flow of blood

A

between the heart and lungs

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17
Q

layer of the heart made mostly of muscle

A

myocardium

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18
Q

carry blood away from the heart

A

arteries

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19
Q

a myocardial infarction happens when

A

a coronary vessel is blocked

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20
Q

which is used to measure blood pressure

A

sphygometer

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21
Q

when taking blood pressure the first sound heart is

A

systole

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22
Q

normal blood pressure is around

A

120/80

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23
Q

blood flows ______ the atrium and ______ the ventricle

A

into: out

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24
Q

which correctly represents pulmonary circulation

A

right ventricle- pulmonary trunk-lungs- pulmonary veins- left atrium

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25
Q

how do you calculate cardiac output

A

heart rate * stroke volume

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26
Q

veins carry blood ____ the heart

A

toward

27
Q

name the one vessel that is the exception

A

pulmonary artery

28
Q

what do you call the loose outer layer of the sac around the heart

A

pericardium

29
Q

what is the inner layer

A

visceral

30
Q

what is the outer layer

A

partieral

31
Q

when vessels expand its called

A

vasodilation

32
Q

when vessels called when they contract

A

vasoconstriction

33
Q

epicardium

A

outer layer

34
Q

endocardim

A

inner layer lining the chambers of the heart

35
Q

size of heart

A

size of a fist

36
Q

myocardium

A

muscle layer of the heart

37
Q

location of the heart

A

center of chest

38
Q

What is the apex of the heart and where is it located?

A

point of the heart

39
Q

What divides the left and right side of the heart?

A

septum

40
Q

Which side is more muscular?

A

left side

41
Q

What bone lies directly in front of the heart?

A

sternum

42
Q

During systole, the aortic valve is

A

open

43
Q

During diastole, the aortic valve is

A

closed

44
Q

Veins and arteries meet at _______, where nutrients are exchanged with body tissues.

A

capillaries

45
Q

Arteries branch into smaller vessels called

A

arterioles

46
Q

Veins also have smaller branches called

A

venueles

47
Q

What aids in bringing blood back to the heart?

A

diaphragm, movement of skeletal muscles, sphincters (valves)

48
Q

What is the pacemaker?

A

SA node, regulates the pace of the heart

49
Q

What fibers cause a contraction in the ventricle?

A

Perkinje Fibers

50
Q

Where is the AV node located

A

between right atrium and ventricle of the heart

51
Q

What do the terms tachycardia and bradycardia mean? What is arrhythmia? What is defibrillation?

A

tachycardia = rapid heart rate; bradycardia = slow heart rate; arrhythmia = irregular heart rate
Defibrillation = shock the heart back into rhythm

52
Q

How are the valves attached to the wall of the heart (2 structures)?

A

Chordae tendineae and the papillary muscles

53
Q

Generally speaking, when the ventricle contracts, the atrium

A

relaxes

54
Q

Any contraction (atrial or ventricular) is called

A

systole

55
Q

relaxing is called

A

disastole

56
Q

What causes a P-Wave,

A

P-wave- depolarization of the atria

57
Q

what causes a t wave

A

T wave- repolarization of the ventricles

58
Q

what causes QRS complex

A

QRS- depolarization of the ventricles

59
Q

What equipment is needed to take a person’s blood pressure?

A

stethoscope and sphygmomanometer

60
Q

What are systolic pressure and diastolic pressure? What is the “normal” blood pressure for a human?

A

systolic is the high upper number, diastolic is the lower number. Normal pressure is 120/80

61
Q

What is an ECG?

A

electrocardiogram

62
Q

Blood that moves from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart again is in the ______ circuit.

A

pulmonary

63
Q

Blood moving throughout the body is in the _______ circuit.

A

systemic

64
Q

Identify the three major vessels that branch off of the aortic arch. You may want to draw a diagram.

A

brachiocephalic, left common carotid, left subclavian

A & P (5 decks)

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