Circulatory System Flashcards
two main body system components of the circulatory system
cardiovascular system and lymphatic system
bat kasali lymphatics
body system that transports oxygenated blood from heart and lungs and all throughout the body and the deoxygenated blood to be returned to its origin
Circulatory System
hollow muscular organ that is also the main organ of the circulatory system with four chambers
heart
chambers of the heart
atria and ventricles
four chambers of the heart
right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle
outer covering of the heart
pericardium
two divisions of the pericardium
visceral and parietal
layers of the heart
epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
chambers of the heart
upper right chamber of the heart that receives deoxygenated blood from the body
right atrium
chambers of the heart
lower right chamber of the heart that receives blood from the right atrium and pumps into the pulmonary artery
right ventricle
chambers of the heart
upper left chamber of the heart that receives oxygenated blood from the lungs
left atrium
chambers of the heart
lower left chamber of the heart that pumps oxygenated blood into the aorta and into the different parts of the body
left ventricle
valves of the heart
tricuspid, pulmonary, bicuspid/mitral, aortic
atroventricular valves
tricuspid and bicuspid/mitral
semilunar valves
pulmonary and aortic
septa of the heart
interatrial and interventricular
septum that separates right and left atria
interatrial septum
septum that separates the right and left ventricle
interventricular septum
systole and diastole that lasts about 0.8 seconds
cardiac cycle
send electrical impulses throughout the myocardium which is initiated by the sinoatrial node
electrical conduction system
sinoatrial node is the pacemaker
provides graphical representation of the cardiac cycle’s activity
electrocardiogram
ECG or EKG
the heart sounds
lubb (first sound) and dupp (second sound)
average heart rate
72 bpm
volume of blood pumped per minute
cardiac output
rhythmic throbbing resulting from alternating expansion and contration of an artery
pulse
measures blood pressure
sphygmomanometer
disorders of the circulatory system
chest pain resulting from reduced blood flow to the heart
angina pectoris
disorders of the circulatory system
a murmur sound produced when the aortic leaflets fail to fully open during systole
aortic stenosis
disorders of the circulatory system
infection that happens when a bacterium enters and resides in the heart lining or blood vessel
bacterial endocarditis
disorders of the circulatory system
results to a general feeling of weakness due to insufficient blood being pumped by the heart
congestive heart failure
disorders of the circulatory system
known as heart attack
myocardial infarction
disorders of the circulatory system
the decrease or full stoppage of blood flow that damages the heart muscle
myocardial infarction
disorders of the circulatory system
inflammation of the pericardial sac
may be due to viral infection
pericarditis
diagnostic tests for heart disorders
determines acid-base balance by measuring pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide and oxygen done through arterial puncture
arterial blood gases (ABG)
diagnostic tests for heart disorders
lipoprotein that causes one to prone to heart attacks
low density lipoprotein
diagnostic tests for heart disorders
lipoprotein that provides a lower chance to get heart diseases
high density lipoprotein
diagnostic tests for heart disorders
used to check muscle damage
creatinine kinase
diagnostic tests for heart disorders
monitors digoxin in the blood to maintain therapeutic diseases
digoxin
diagnostic tests for heart disorders
this is needed for the heart to contract
potassium
diagnostic tests for heart disorders
serves as an index in the evaluation of atherosclerosis and lipid metabolism disorder
triglycerides
diagnostic tests for heart disorders
most specific type of enzyme that can be produced in the heart; used for early diagnosis of small myocardial infarctions
troponin I
vascular system
two divisions
pulmonary and systemic
blood circulation
pathway of blood
vena cava/coronary sinus - right a - right v - pulmonary artery - lungs - pulmonary vein - left a - left v - aorta - different body parts
disorders of the vascular system
enlargement of the artery due to weakening of artery wall
aneurysm
disorders of the vascular system
hardening of the artery wall due to aging
arteriosclerosis
disorders of the vascular system
formation of plaques in the inner walls
atherosclerosis
disorders of the vascular system
clot or bubble which causes obstructioin that is carried and lodged in a vessel
embolus
disorders of the vascular system
swollen veins in the area of the anus
hemorrhoids
disorders of the vascular system
inflammation of the veins, particularly the wall
phlebitis
disorders of the vascular system
swelling of veins of the legs
usually occurs during pregnancy
thrombophlebitis
disorders of the vascular system
blood clot that impedes blood flow
immovable clot
thrombus
disorders of the vascular system
veins that have been twisted and enlarged
usually found in the legs of pregnant women
varicose veins
diagnostic tests of the vascular system
d-dimer, fibrin degradation products, lipoproteins, triglycerides, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time
red fluid transported throughout the body through the circulatory system
blood
components of blood
erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes
this signifies your blood type
antigens
blood
universal donor
O
blood
universal recipient
AB
blood
golden blood type
Rh negative
Rh type
with RBCs and have D antigen
Rh +
Rh type
without D antigen
Rh -
area between plasma and RBCs
buffy coat
blood disorders
not having enough healthy RBCs or hemoglobin
anemia
blood disorders
cancer of the blood
leukemia
blood disorders
increase of the number of WBCs
leukocytosis
blood disorders
reduced number of WBCs in the blood
leukocytopenia
blood disorders
marrow produces too many RBCs resulting to blood thickening
polycythemia
blood disorders
body produces too many platelets which affect the blood clotting
thrombocytosis
blood disorders
low platelet count
thrombocytopenia
network of tissues and organs that is responsible for the removal of toxins and waste in the body
lymphatic system
excess tissue fluid that filters into the lymphatic capillaries
lymph
disorders of the lymphatic system
inflammation of lymphatic channels resulting from an infection at a site distal to the channel
lymphangitis
disorders of the lymphatic system
inflammation of the lymph nodes
lymphadenitis
disorders of the lymphatic system
abnormality in the size or number of lymph nodes
lymphadenopathy
disorders of the lymphatic system
enlargement of spleen
splenomegaly
disorders of the lymphatic system
cancer on the part of the immune system characterized by enlarge lymph nodes
hodgkin’s disease
disorders of the lymphatic system
cancer that develops from lymphocytes
lymphosarcoma
disorders of the lymphatic system
cancer that begins with lymphocytes
lymphoma
stoppage of bleeding as a response to injury
hemostasis
3 types of coagulation factors
enzyme precursors, cofactors, substrates
pathways of clotting cascade
extrinsic and intrinsic
process where fibrin is dissolved
fibrinolysis
hemostatic disorders
blood clot forms in one or more deep veins
deep venous thrombosis
hemostatic disorders
formation of spontaneous small clots blocks the small blood vessels
disseminated intravascular coagulation
hemostatic disorders
lack of sufficient blood clotting proteins
hemophilia
hemophilia
type of hemophilia missing clotting factor VIII
A
hemophilia
type of hemophilia missing factor IX
B
hemophilia
type of hemophilia missing factor XI
C
hemostatic disorders
low platelet count
thrombocytopenia
