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PMLS 1 and 2 > Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulatory System Flashcards

1
Q

two main body system components of the circulatory system

A

cardiovascular system and lymphatic system

bat kasali lymphatics

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2
Q

body system that transports oxygenated blood from heart and lungs and all throughout the body and the deoxygenated blood to be returned to its origin

A

Circulatory System

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3
Q

hollow muscular organ that is also the main organ of the circulatory system with four chambers

A

heart

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4
Q

chambers of the heart

A

atria and ventricles

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5
Q

four chambers of the heart

A

right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle

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6
Q

outer covering of the heart

A

pericardium

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7
Q

two divisions of the pericardium

A

visceral and parietal

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8
Q

layers of the heart

A

epicardium, myocardium, endocardium

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9
Q

chambers of the heart

upper right chamber of the heart that receives deoxygenated blood from the body

A

right atrium

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10
Q

chambers of the heart

lower right chamber of the heart that receives blood from the right atrium and pumps into the pulmonary artery

A

right ventricle

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11
Q

chambers of the heart

upper left chamber of the heart that receives oxygenated blood from the lungs

A

left atrium

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12
Q

chambers of the heart

lower left chamber of the heart that pumps oxygenated blood into the aorta and into the different parts of the body

A

left ventricle

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13
Q

valves of the heart

A

tricuspid, pulmonary, bicuspid/mitral, aortic

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14
Q

atroventricular valves

A

tricuspid and bicuspid/mitral

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15
Q

semilunar valves

A

pulmonary and aortic

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16
Q

septa of the heart

A

interatrial and interventricular

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17
Q

septum that separates right and left atria

A

interatrial septum

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18
Q

septum that separates the right and left ventricle

A

interventricular septum

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19
Q

systole and diastole that lasts about 0.8 seconds

A

cardiac cycle

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20
Q

send electrical impulses throughout the myocardium which is initiated by the sinoatrial node

A

electrical conduction system

sinoatrial node is the pacemaker

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21
Q

provides graphical representation of the cardiac cycle’s activity

A

electrocardiogram

ECG or EKG

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22
Q

the heart sounds

A

lubb (first sound) and dupp (second sound)

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23
Q

average heart rate

A

72 bpm

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24
Q

volume of blood pumped per minute

A

cardiac output

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25
Q

rhythmic throbbing resulting from alternating expansion and contration of an artery

A

pulse

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26
Q

measures blood pressure

A

sphygmomanometer

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27
Q

disorders of the circulatory system

chest pain resulting from reduced blood flow to the heart

A

angina pectoris

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28
Q

disorders of the circulatory system

a murmur sound produced when the aortic leaflets fail to fully open during systole

A

aortic stenosis

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29
Q

disorders of the circulatory system

infection that happens when a bacterium enters and resides in the heart lining or blood vessel

A

bacterial endocarditis

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30
Q

disorders of the circulatory system

results to a general feeling of weakness due to insufficient blood being pumped by the heart

A

congestive heart failure

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31
Q

disorders of the circulatory system

known as heart attack

A

myocardial infarction

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32
Q

disorders of the circulatory system

the decrease or full stoppage of blood flow that damages the heart muscle

A

myocardial infarction

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33
Q

disorders of the circulatory system

inflammation of the pericardial sac

may be due to viral infection

A

pericarditis

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34
Q

diagnostic tests for heart disorders

determines acid-base balance by measuring pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide and oxygen done through arterial puncture

A

arterial blood gases (ABG)

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35
Q

diagnostic tests for heart disorders

lipoprotein that causes one to prone to heart attacks

A

low density lipoprotein

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36
Q

diagnostic tests for heart disorders

lipoprotein that provides a lower chance to get heart diseases

A

high density lipoprotein

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37
Q

diagnostic tests for heart disorders

used to check muscle damage

A

creatinine kinase

38
Q

diagnostic tests for heart disorders

monitors digoxin in the blood to maintain therapeutic diseases

A

digoxin

39
Q

diagnostic tests for heart disorders

this is needed for the heart to contract

A

potassium

40
Q

diagnostic tests for heart disorders

serves as an index in the evaluation of atherosclerosis and lipid metabolism disorder

A

triglycerides

41
Q

diagnostic tests for heart disorders

most specific type of enzyme that can be produced in the heart; used for early diagnosis of small myocardial infarctions

A

troponin I

42
Q

vascular system

two divisions

A

pulmonary and systemic

43
Q

blood circulation

pathway of blood

A

vena cava/coronary sinus - right a - right v - pulmonary artery - lungs - pulmonary vein - left a - left v - aorta - different body parts

44
Q

disorders of the vascular system

enlargement of the artery due to weakening of artery wall

A

aneurysm

45
Q

disorders of the vascular system

hardening of the artery wall due to aging

A

arteriosclerosis

46
Q

disorders of the vascular system

formation of plaques in the inner walls

A

atherosclerosis

47
Q

disorders of the vascular system

clot or bubble which causes obstructioin that is carried and lodged in a vessel

A

embolus

48
Q

disorders of the vascular system

swollen veins in the area of the anus

A

hemorrhoids

49
Q

disorders of the vascular system

inflammation of the veins, particularly the wall

A

phlebitis

50
Q

disorders of the vascular system

swelling of veins of the legs

usually occurs during pregnancy

A

thrombophlebitis

51
Q

disorders of the vascular system

blood clot that impedes blood flow

immovable clot

A

thrombus

52
Q

disorders of the vascular system

veins that have been twisted and enlarged

usually found in the legs of pregnant women

A

varicose veins

53
Q

diagnostic tests of the vascular system

A

d-dimer, fibrin degradation products, lipoproteins, triglycerides, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time

54
Q

red fluid transported throughout the body through the circulatory system

A

blood

55
Q

components of blood

A

erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes

56
Q

this signifies your blood type

A

antigens

57
Q

blood

universal donor

A

O

58
Q

blood

universal recipient

A

AB

59
Q

blood

golden blood type

A

Rh negative

60
Q

Rh type

with RBCs and have D antigen

A

Rh +

61
Q

Rh type

without D antigen

A

Rh -

62
Q

area between plasma and RBCs

A

buffy coat

63
Q

blood disorders

not having enough healthy RBCs or hemoglobin

A

anemia

64
Q

blood disorders

cancer of the blood

A

leukemia

65
Q

blood disorders

increase of the number of WBCs

A

leukocytosis

66
Q

blood disorders

reduced number of WBCs in the blood

A

leukocytopenia

67
Q

blood disorders

marrow produces too many RBCs resulting to blood thickening

A

polycythemia

68
Q

blood disorders

body produces too many platelets which affect the blood clotting

A

thrombocytosis

69
Q

blood disorders

low platelet count

A

thrombocytopenia

70
Q

network of tissues and organs that is responsible for the removal of toxins and waste in the body

A

lymphatic system

71
Q

excess tissue fluid that filters into the lymphatic capillaries

A

lymph

72
Q

disorders of the lymphatic system

inflammation of lymphatic channels resulting from an infection at a site distal to the channel

A

lymphangitis

73
Q

disorders of the lymphatic system

inflammation of the lymph nodes

A

lymphadenitis

74
Q

disorders of the lymphatic system

abnormality in the size or number of lymph nodes

A

lymphadenopathy

75
Q

disorders of the lymphatic system

enlargement of spleen

A

splenomegaly

76
Q

disorders of the lymphatic system

cancer on the part of the immune system characterized by enlarge lymph nodes

A

hodgkin’s disease

77
Q

disorders of the lymphatic system

cancer that develops from lymphocytes

A

lymphosarcoma

78
Q

disorders of the lymphatic system

cancer that begins with lymphocytes

A

lymphoma

79
Q

stoppage of bleeding as a response to injury

A

hemostasis

80
Q

3 types of coagulation factors

A

enzyme precursors, cofactors, substrates

81
Q

pathways of clotting cascade

A

extrinsic and intrinsic

82
Q

process where fibrin is dissolved

A

fibrinolysis

83
Q

hemostatic disorders

blood clot forms in one or more deep veins

A

deep venous thrombosis

84
Q

hemostatic disorders

formation of spontaneous small clots blocks the small blood vessels

A

disseminated intravascular coagulation

85
Q

hemostatic disorders

lack of sufficient blood clotting proteins

A

hemophilia

86
Q

hemophilia

type of hemophilia missing clotting factor VIII

A

A

87
Q

hemophilia

type of hemophilia missing factor IX

A

B

88
Q

hemophilia

type of hemophilia missing factor XI

A

C

89
Q

hemostatic disorders

low platelet count

A

thrombocytopenia

90
Q
A

PMLS 1 and 2 (2 decks)

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