Circulatory System Flashcards
Important in large multicellular organisms to:
- transport substances between:
■ external and internal environment (outside body into the cells)
■ cells & other cells - defend against invading
organisms
Transports 7 categories of substances
- Nutrients
- Gases
- Wastes
- Parts of immune system
- Heat
- Hormones
- Clotting
Nutrients from small intestine
Digested nutrients, vitamins, minerals, water
Gases
O2 from lungs to tissues (cells)
CO2 from tissue (cells) to lungs
Wastes & toxins: old cell parts & metabolic wastes are taken to…
Liver to be broken down
Kidneys to be filtered out
Parts of immune system
White blood cells
Antibodies
Heat to regulate body temperature
Homeostasis
Hypothermia
Hyperthermia
Homeostasis
The body’s ability to regulate its internal environment to ensure stability in response to fluctuations in the outside environment
Hypothermia
If too cold aka hypothermia
Blood vessels near skin constrict (narrower) taking blood away from surface to keep it warm
Hyperthermia
If too hot aka hyperthermia
Blood vessels near skin dilate (widen) bringing hot blood to the surface
Hormones released from endocrine glands & transported to target cells
ex. Adrenaline (epinephrine)
- secreted by the adrenal glands (on the kidneys)
- stimulus: fear, anger, stress
- target tissues: heart, lungs, blood vessels, liver, muscles, etc
- response: fight or flight - extra strength
Clotting proteins
Help plug holes in damaged veins
Closed transport systems
Composed of:
- Blood
- fluid transportation medium
- specialized connective tissue - Vessels: tubes to carry blood
- Heart: muscular organ that pumps blood through body