Circulatory System Flashcards

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1
Q

Important in large multicellular organisms to:

A
  1. transport substances between:
    ■ external and internal environment (outside body into the cells)
    ■ cells & other cells
  2. defend against invading
    organisms
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2
Q

Transports 7 categories of substances

A
  1. Nutrients
  2. Gases
  3. Wastes
  4. Parts of immune system
  5. Heat
  6. Hormones
  7. Clotting
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3
Q

Nutrients from small intestine

A

Digested nutrients, vitamins, minerals, water

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4
Q

Gases

A

O2 from lungs to tissues (cells)
CO2 from tissue (cells) to lungs

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5
Q

Wastes & toxins: old cell parts & metabolic wastes are taken to…

A

Liver to be broken down
Kidneys to be filtered out

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6
Q

Parts of immune system

A

White blood cells
Antibodies

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7
Q

Heat to regulate body temperature

A

Homeostasis
Hypothermia
Hyperthermia

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8
Q

Homeostasis

A

The body’s ability to regulate its internal environment to ensure stability in response to fluctuations in the outside environment

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9
Q

Hypothermia

A

If too cold aka hypothermia
Blood vessels near skin constrict (narrower) taking blood away from surface to keep it warm

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10
Q

Hyperthermia

A

If too hot aka hyperthermia
Blood vessels near skin dilate (widen) bringing hot blood to the surface

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11
Q

Hormones released from endocrine glands & transported to target cells
ex. Adrenaline (epinephrine)

A
  • secreted by the adrenal glands (on the kidneys)
  • stimulus: fear, anger, stress
  • target tissues: heart, lungs, blood vessels, liver, muscles, etc
  • response: fight or flight - extra strength
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12
Q

Clotting proteins

A

Help plug holes in damaged veins

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13
Q

Closed transport systems
Composed of:

A
  1. Blood
    - fluid transportation medium
    - specialized connective tissue
  2. Vessels: tubes to carry blood
  3. Heart: muscular organ that pumps blood through body
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