Circulatory System

Question 1

Important in large multicellular organisms to:

Answer 1

1. transport substances between:
   ■ external and internal environment (outside body into the cells)
   ■ cells & other cells
2. defend against invading
   organisms

Question 2

Transports 7 categories of substances

Answer 2

1. Nutrients
2. Gases
3. Wastes
4. Parts of immune system
5. Heat
6. Hormones
7. Clotting

Question 3

Nutrients from small intestine

Answer 3

Digested nutrients, vitamins, minerals, water

Question 4

Gases

Answer 4

O2 from lungs to tissues (cells)
CO2 from tissue (cells) to lungs

Question 5

Wastes & toxins: old cell parts & metabolic wastes are taken to…

Answer 5

Liver to be broken down
Kidneys to be filtered out

Question 6

Parts of immune system

Answer 6

White blood cells
Antibodies

Question 7

Heat to regulate body temperature

Answer 7

Homeostasis
Hypothermia
Hyperthermia

Question 8

Homeostasis

Answer 8

The body’s ability to regulate its internal environment to ensure stability in response to fluctuations in the outside environment

Question 9

Hypothermia

Answer 9

If too cold aka hypothermia
Blood vessels near skin constrict (narrower) taking blood away from surface to keep it warm

Question 10

Hyperthermia

Answer 10

If too hot aka hyperthermia
Blood vessels near skin dilate (widen) bringing hot blood to the surface

Question 11

Hormones released from endocrine glands & transported to target cells
ex. Adrenaline (epinephrine)

Answer 11

• secreted by the adrenal glands (on the kidneys)
• stimulus: fear, anger, stress
• target tissues: heart, lungs, blood vessels, liver, muscles, etc
• response: fight or flight - extra strength

Question 12

Clotting proteins

Answer 12

Help plug holes in damaged veins

Question 13

Closed transport systems
Composed of:

Answer 13

1. Blood
   - fluid transportation medium
   - specialized connective tissue
2. Vessels: tubes to carry blood
3. Heart: muscular organ that pumps blood through body