Circulatory System

Question 1

What is cellular respiration?

Answer 1

Cellular respiration is the process that occurs in the mitochondria of cells to take glucose and oxygen and turn it into usable energy for cells, called ATP

Question 2

What’s the formula for cellular respiration?

Answer 2

C6 H12 O6 + O2 —-> ATP! + Co2 + H2O + Cell Waste

Question 3

What does the respiratory system provide and remove?

Answer 3

Provides: oxygen
Removes: Carbon Dioxide

Question 4

What does the digestive system provide and remove?

Answer 4

Provides: glucose
Removes: Cell Waste

Question 5

How does the circulatory system help get these needed substances to cells, and get rid of the waste?

Answer 5

Blood

Question 6

What type of cells carry gases in the blood?

Answer 6

Red blood cells

Question 7

What is the blood portion that carries heat called?

Answer 7

Plasma

Question 8

What type of blood cell helps clot your blood when you get cut?

Answer 8

Platelets

Question 9

What type of blood cell helps fight pathogens like viruses?

Answer 9

White blood cells

Question 10

If a person has low iron they might feel tired. Why do you think this is the case?

Answer 10

Iron makes heroglobin. Heroglobin binds oxygen to red blood cells, if your iron is low, your brain muscles lack oxygen and you feel tired.

Question 11

Capillary
Direction, rich or poor oxygen or both, thick walls with muscle and elastin, blood pressure high or low, valves present? The name for the small version

Answer 11

Direction: both
Rich or poor oxygen: both
Thick walls with muscle and elastin: 1 cell thick
Blood pressure: low
Valves present: No
Name for small version: none

Question 12

Artery
Direction, rich or poor oxygen or both, thick walls with muscle and elastin, blood pressure high or low, valves present? The name for the small version

Answer 12

Direction: away from heart
Rich or poor oxygen: usually high O2
Thick walls with muscle: thick/elastic
Blood pressure: high
Valves present: no
Name for small version: arteriole

Question 13

Vein
Direction, rich or poor oxygen or both, thick walls with muscle and elastin, blood pressure high or low, valves present? The name for the small version

Answer 13

Direction: back to heart
Rich or poor oxygen: usually low O2
Thick walls of muscle and elastin: thin to muscle/elastin
Blood pressure: low
Valves present: yes
Name for small version: Venule

Question 14

What type of muscle is found in the heart? What is unique about this type of muscle?

Answer 14

Cardiac, myogenic -> contract without signal from brain

Question 15

What type of muscle makes up arteries? Why is it important they have elastin, which allows them to stretch?

Answer 15

Smooth, elastin- stretch under high pressure

Question 16

Why do you think it allows organisms to be more complex if they have a heart and circulatory system that totally separates oxygen-rich and poor blood?

Answer 16

Because there is a separation it makes it more efficient to travel but if it was one it would be messy and less efficient

Question 17

Where does blood travel in the pulmonary circulation?

Answer 17

Between the lungs and the heart

Question 18

Where does blood travel in the systemic circulation?

Answer 18

Between the body cells and the heart

Question 19

Where does blood travel in the cardiac circulation?

Answer 19

Within the heart

Question 20

How many readings do you get from blood pressure?

Answer 20

3 readings, averaging the last two

Question 21

____________ is when the heart is contracted (high number) and ——————— is when the heart is relaxed (lower number)

Answer 21

Systole and Diastole

Question 22

What is an arrythmia? What are two causes?

Answer 22

A heartbeat that has an irregular rhythm that occurs if the electrical signals controlling the heart are blocked or delayed. 2 causes are smoking and drugs.

Question 23

What is leukaemia and how is it treated?

Answer 23

Cancer of the blood or bone marrow, in which large numbers of abnormal cells are produced. Leukaemia is treated with chemotherapy (medication) and radiation. If severe a bone marrow transplant may be performed.

Question 24

What is a stroke? Provide two signs a person may have had a stroke.

Answer 24

Occurs when the brain does not get enough blood; the brain cells die because they do no receive enough oxygen (2 ways to check are vision, movement, and speech problems)

Question 25

Explain why atherosclerosis and high blood pressure might increase a person risk of a heart attack

Answer 25

Because blood supply is reduced to the heart. A damaged heart muscle may not pump as well and can lead to heart failure.