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biology > Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulatory System Flashcards

1
Q

The smallest blood vessel; gases and other substances are exchanged between the circulatory system and body tissues across the capillary wall, which is only a single cell thick.

A

Capillary

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2
Q

Blood vessel that carries oxygen-poor blood to the heart.

A

Vein

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3
Q

Blood vessel that carries oxygen-rich- blood away from the heart.

A

Artery

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4
Q

One of the two lower chambers of the heart, each receiving blood from one of the atria and pumps it into the systemic or pulmonary circulation.

A

Ventricle

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5
Q

One of the two upper chambers to the heart that collects blood lowing into the heart.

A

Atrium

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6
Q

Pumps blood through the body, keeping oxygen-rich blood separate from oxygen-poor blood, and ensuring that blood flows in only one direction.

A

Heart

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7
Q

In the heart, the muscular wall that separates the two ventricles and the two atria. it stops oxygenated and deoxygenated blood from mixing.

A

Septum

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8
Q

membranous extension of a vessel or the heart wall that opens and closes, ensuring one-way fluid flow.

A

Valve

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9
Q

One of two large vessels, the superior and inferior vena cava, that open into the right atrium of the heart. The superior vena cana collects oxygen-poor blood coming from the tissues in the head, chest, and arms. The inferior vena cava collects oxygen-poor blood coming from the tissues elsewhere in the body.

A

Vena Cava

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10
Q

Blood vessel that arterys carries blood from the heart to the lungs. These are the only ones in the circulatory system that contain oxygen-poor blood.

A

Pulmonary Artery

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11
Q

Blood vessel that carries blood from the lungs to the heart. These are the only ones in the circulatory system that contain oxygenated blood.

A

Pulmonary Vein

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12
Q

Major artery that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to all regions of the body exempt the lungs. the largest blood vessel in the body.

A

Aorta

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13
Q

Bundle of specialized muscle tissue located in the wall of the right atrium of the mammalian hear; generates an electrical impulse that stimulates cardiac muscle fibers to contract ad relax rhythmically, producing a regular heart beat.

A

Sinoatrial (SA) Node

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14
Q

Bundle of specialized muscle tissue located in the wall of the right atrium; receives electrical stimulus from the sinoatrial node and transmits this impulse over the walls of the ventricles to start their contraction.

A

Atrioventricular (AV) Node

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15
Q

The system of vessels that transports blood, cells and substances dissolved in blood throughout the body.

A

Circulatory System

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16
Q

The circulatory pathway that suplies oxygen-rich blood to and carries deoxygenated blood from the muscle tissue of the heart.

A

Coronary Pathway

17
Q

The circulatory pathway that carries oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs and oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart.

A

Pulmonary

18
Q

The circulatory pathway that carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the body tissues, and oxygen-poor blood from the tissues back to the heart.

A

Systemic Pathway

19
Q

Fluid portion of the blood, made up of water, dissolved gases, proteins, sugars, vitamins, minerals, hormones, and waste products. Makes up 55% of the blood volume.

A

plasma

20
Q

Blood cell that contains the respiratory protein in hemoglobin. Makes up 44% of the total volume in blood. Has no nucleus. packed with about 280 million iron-containing molecules of the respiratory pigment.

A

Red blood cell (Erythrocytes)

21
Q

Iron-containing respiratory pigment found in red blood cells that transports oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues. After carbon dioxide diffuses into the blood, it enters the red blood cells, where a small amount is taken up by the hemoglobin.

A

Hemoglobin

22
Q

Component of the formed portion of the blood, consisting o fragments of cells that are created when larger cells in the bone marrow break apart; contains no nucleus and plays a key role in blood clotting.

A

Platelet

23
Q

Colorless blood cell that protects the body from infection by way of the immune response; also known as leucocyte.

A

White blood cell

24
Q

involves balancing hear production with heat loss. Shivering, increases the production of heat by cellular metabolism. the heat that is produced is spread though the body by the blood.

A

Temperature Regulation

25
Q

Decrease the diameter of blood vessels; near the skin conserves body heat.

A

Vasoconstriction

26
Q

Expansion in the diameter of blood vessels; near the skin brings more blood to the surface to help reduce body temperature.

A

Vasodilation

biology (2 decks)

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