circulatory system

Question 1

what is the role of red blood cells (erythrocytes) ?

Answer 1

pick up oxygen from lungs
pick up co2 from tissues and bring to the lungs

Question 2

what is the role of white blood cells (leukocytes) ?

Answer 2

pick up and destroy infectious organisms that might be harmful

Question 3

types of white blood cells

Answer 3

neutrophils
lymphocytes
monocytes

Question 4

4 components of blood

Answer 4

erythrocytes
leukocytes
plasma
platelets

Question 5

function of plasma

Answer 5

transport dissolved substances

Question 6

function of neutrophils

Answer 6

b type cell produce antibodies

Question 7

function of lymphocytes

Answer 7

T type cells destroy viruses and cancer cells

Question 8

function of monocytes

Answer 8

removes bacteria and dead cells

Question 9

function of platelets

Answer 9

triggers blood clotting

Question 10

5 functions of blood

Answer 10

transport
regulation
prevent infection
exchange
blood clotting

Question 11

atria

Answer 11

receives blood returning to the heart from the body

Question 12

vena cava

Answer 12

carries blood to the heart from the body

Question 13

pulmonary arteries

Answer 13

carry blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs

Question 14

coronary arteries

Answer 14

supply blood to the heart muscle

Question 15

the role of valves

Answer 15

prevent backflow
valves found in the veins

Question 16

3 main valves

Answer 16

tricuspid valve
semi-lunar valve
bicuspid valve

Question 17

double pump (heart)

Answer 17

blood is pumped to 2 places
to the lungs by the pulmonary system
to the body by the systemic system

Question 18

myogenic heartbeat

Answer 18

contraction of the heart muscle by the heart itself

Question 19

systole

Answer 19

the heart contracts
pumps blood into arteries

Question 20

diastole

Answer 20

heart muscle relaxes
chambers fill with blood

Question 21

bundle of his

Answer 21

fibrous branches conduct rapid wave of contractions to ventricles

Question 22

purkyne fibres

Answer 22

branch throughout ventricles
conduct impulse rapidly due to excessive branching

Question 23

spread of contraction

Answer 23

starts in the SA node

spreads across atria - delay at AV node

signals move down bundle of his

signals bottom of apex spread up through ventricles

Question 24

cardiac output

Answer 24

amount of blood pumped around the body

Question 25

cardiac output equation

Answer 25

cardiac output = stroke volume x heart rate

Question 26

what is an ECG

Answer 26

a simple test used to check the hearts rhythm and electrical activity

Question 27

what does an ECG detect

Answer 27

arrhythmias
coronary heart disease
heart attacks
cardiomyopathy

Question 28

‘PQRST’

Answer 28

P wave - atrial depolarisation
QRS - ventricular depolarisation
T wave - ventricular repolarisation

Question 29

depolarisation

Answer 29

when the heart has received the electrical signal

Question 30

repolarisation

Answer 30

heart is returning to normal

Question 31

PR interval

Answer 31

atrial depolarisation + delay at AV

Question 32

tissue fluid

Answer 32

liquid that surrounds the cells allows transportation

Question 33

what causes tissue fluid

Answer 33

hydrostatic pressure
osmosis

Question 34

the role of hydrostatic pressure

Answer 34

pressure from heart contractions
forces water into blood plasmas through capillary walls
forms tissue fluid

Question 35

characteristics of tissue fluid

Answer 35

between cells

protein content low

oxygen and nutrient content high

waste content low in aterial end

Question 36

substances found in tissue fluid

Answer 36

glucose
amino acids
fatty acids
salts
oxygen

Question 37

what is the lymphatic system

Answer 37

its a drainage and filtration system

Question 38

role of the lymphatic system

Answer 38

removes excess fluid
absorbs fatty acids
produces white blood cells