Circulatory System Flashcards
Three main FEATURES of Circulatory System.
- Fluid (blood or hemolymph) that transport materials.
- System of blood vessels.
- A heart to pump the fluid through the vessels.
Functions of Blood
Transportation, Regulation, Protection
Oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Nutrients and hormones.
Heat and waste products.
Tansportation
Maintain homeostasis of all body fluids.
Regulate pH through the use of buffers.
Adjust body temperature.
Regulation
Blood Clotting.
Defense against temperature.
Protection
Major Components of Blood.
Plasma and Formed elements/ Cellular components.
Consist of 55% of total blood volume.
Liquid component of blood.
Plasma
Consist the remaining 45% of the total blood volume.
Formed Elements/ Cellular Components.
Straw- colored liquid portion of blood, consisting of 90% water and 10% is composed of proteins, clotting factors, antibodies, food substances, respiratory gases, hormones, vitamins and waste products.
PLASMA
Make up about 99% of the blood”s cellular component.
Carry hemoglobin and oxygen.
Without nucleus and has lifespan of 120 days.
Felixible, donut shaped discuss easily maneuver through various pathways in blood vessels.
4-6 millions blood counts.
Erythrocytes aka Red Blood Cells
A complex protein made up of four protein strands, plus iron-rich hem groups.
Hemoglobin
Each hemoglobin molecule can carry _________.
Four oxygen atoms
The presence of oxygen turns hemoglobin.
Bright red
Iron from hemoglobin is recycled in the ________ and ________.
Liver and Spleen.
The hormone made by the kidneys, stimulates the production of RBC’s in red bone marrow.
Erythropoeitin
Fight infection “defense” and are formed in the bone marrow.
4,000 - 11,000 blood counts.
Leukocytes aka White blood cell
Five types of Leukocytes.
Neutrophils Lymphocytes Eosinophils Basophils Monocytes
Aggregate at the site of the wound.
250,000 - 500,000 blood counts.
Platelet
Converts the protein fibronage into sticky fibrin which binds the clot.
Thrombin
Bacterial infection, burns, stress, inflammation.
3000-7000 counts
Neutrophils
Viral infections, some leukemias.
1500-3000 blood counts
Lymphocytes
Viral or fungal infections, tuberculosis, some leukemias, other chronic diseases.
100-700 blood counts
Monocytes
Allergic reactions, parasitic infections, autoimmune diseases.
100 - 400 blood counts
Eosinophils
Allergic reactions, leukemias, cancers, hypothyroidism.
20 - 50 blood counts.
Basophils
Release chemicals to stimulate thrombin production.
Broken cells and platelets
A network of tubes.
Blood Vessels
Move away blood from the heart.
Arteries to Arterioles
Connects arterioles and venules.
Exchange of nutrients, wastes and gases.
Capillaries
Moves blood towards the heart.
Veins to Venules.
Moves blood towards the heart.
Veins to Venules.
Thick walled and lined with smooth muscle.
Arteries
Branch off of arteries.
Can constrict to direct and control blood flow.
Arterioles.
A very tiny blood vessels.
Body tissues contain a vast network of thin capillaries.
Capillaries
One cell thick, allowing exchange of gases, nutrients, and wastes.
Capillary walls
Thin walled collectors of blood.
Low pressure in the venules allows the capillary beds to drain into them.
Venules
Thinner walls than arteries.
Fewer smooth muscle cells, but do have valves.
Veins
Poor Clotting.
Thrombocytopenia
Low Result of RBC:
Anemia
High Result of RBC indicates:
Polycythemia vera, Kidney Tumors, and Lung Disease.
Individuals at risk for condition if high platelets:
Stroke
Heart Attack
Deep Vein Thrombosis
Pulmonary Embolism
