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biology > circulatory disorders > Flashcards

circulatory disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

Pericarditis - cause

A

viral, bacterial, fungal infections

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2
Q

pericarditis - body structure affected

A

PERICARDIUM - thin two-layered fluid filled sac that covers the outer surface of the heart which prevents friction with other organs and tissues.

layers become inflamed and may rub against the heart. This causes the heart to be unable to stretch to its full length during contraction and relaxation.

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3
Q

pericarditis - diagnosis

A

EKG - detects and records the heart’s electrical activity, certain results may indicate pericarditis

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4
Q

aneurysm - definiton

A

-Localized, blood-filled
balloon-like bulge in
the wall of a blood
vessel
-Bulge can rupture,
resulting in severe
brain bleeding and
potentially death

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5
Q

aneurysm - symptoms

A

Sudden, extremely
severe headache,
nausea and vomiting,

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6
Q

aneurysm - diagnosis

A

Computerized tomography
(CT) Scan: specialized X-ray
exam, test to determine if
you have bleeding in the
brain.

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7
Q

aneurysm - treatment

A

-Surgical clipping
or endovascular coiling used
to seal off an unruptured
brain aneurysm and help
prevent a future rupture.

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8
Q

arrhythmia - definition

A

Abnormal heart
rhythm

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9
Q

aneurysm - causes

A

high blood pressure weakens artery wall

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10
Q

aneurysm - structure affected

A

BLOOD VESSELS - walls of the blood vessels begin to weaken

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11
Q

aarhythmia - symptoms

A

Fatigue, dizziness,
lightheadedness,

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12
Q

ararhythmia - diagnosis

A

Echocardiogram (ECG): tests
the electrical activity of your
heart.

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13
Q

arrhythmia - treatment

A

pacemaker

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14
Q

arrhythmia - structures involved

A

SA node, AV node, Purkinje fibers are dysfunctional

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15
Q

atherosclerosis - definition

A

Loss of elasticity and
hardening of arteries
usually due to plaque
buildup.

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16
Q

atherosclerosis - symptoms

A

chest pain

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17
Q

atherosclerosis - diagnosis

A

magnetic resonance
angiography (MRA): A scan
of enlarged blood vessels in
body

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18
Q

atherosclerosis - treatment

A

angioplasty

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19
Q

coronary heart disease - defintion

A

Waxy substance called
plaque builds up
inside the coronary
arteries.

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20
Q

atherosclerosis - structure involved

A

accumulation of plaque on + underneath the artery wall causes the walls of the arteries to lose their elasticity and harden

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21
Q

atherosclerosis - causes

A

hypertension

22
Q

coronary heart disease - symptoms

A

chest pain

23
Q

coronary heart disease - cause

A

hypertension

24
Q

coronary heart disease - diagnosis

A

magnetic resonance
angiography (MRA): A scan
of enlarged blood vessels in
body

25
Q

coronary heart disease - treatment

A

angioplasty

26
Q

stroke - definition

A

blood supply to your
brain is interrupted or
reduced often by a blood clot

27
Q

stroke - symptoms

A

Sudden numbness or
weakness in the face

28
Q

stroke - causes

A

diabetes

29
Q

stroke - diagnosis

A

CT scan of brain

30
Q

stroke - treatment

A

aspirin - blood thinners

31
Q

angina - definition

A

Chest pain due to
reduced blood supply
to heart

32
Q

angina - symptoms

A

chest pain

33
Q

angina - causes

A

previous history of a heart attack

34
Q

angina - structures involved

A

a symptom of coronary heart disease, muscle aches in the chest

35
Q

angina - diagnosis

A

echocardiogram

36
Q

angina - treatment

A

Asprin: Blood thinner

37
Q

heart attack - definition

A

Heart tissue/cell death
due to lack of blood
supply

often caused by CAD

38
Q

heart attack - symptom

A

chest pain

39
Q

heart attack - causes

A

tobacco use

40
Q

heart attack - structures involved

A

consequence of CAD

heart tissue begins to die

41
Q

heart attack - treatment

A

aspirin - blood thinner

42
Q

heart murmurs - definition

A

Abnormal heart
sounds due to leaky
valves and other heart
deformities/damage

43
Q

heart murmurs - structures involved

A

VALVES - may not close entirely/properly, causing backflow of blood into heart chambers

44
Q

heart murmurs - causes

A

hypertension

45
Q

heart murmurs - diagnosis

A

listening to heart with the stethoscope

46
Q

heart murmurs - treatment

A

open heart surgery if cause is
birth defect

47
Q

hypertension - definition

A

long-term
force of the blood
against your artery (blood pressure)
walls is high enough
that it may cause
health problems,

48
Q

hypertension - symptom

A

Increased heart rate

49
Q

hypertension - cause

A

high sodium diet

50
Q

hypertension - diagnosis

A

sphygmomanometer

51
Q

hypertension - treatment

A

reduced sodium diet

52
Q

hypertension - structure involved

A

arteries - high pressure can damage these vessels and even cause them to lose their elasticity

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