Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

FOM week 8 > Circulation > Flashcards

Circulation Flashcards

1
Q

In any wound due to trauma where there is haemorrhage (bleeding), what 3 things occur in order to help reduce haemorrhaging?

A

thrombosis
vasoconstriction
clotting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the two components of thrombus/thrombi?

A

-fibrin
-platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what two components make up a clot

A

fibrin and RBC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what enzyme does the clotting factor use?

A

serine proteases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is embolism ? and what is it derived from?

A

a mass of material moving through the vascular system

dervied from thrombus being cu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what can an embolus end up blocking in the vascular system?

A

block its lumen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is a normal blood pressure value?

A

120/80mm/Hg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does the clotting cascade produce ?

A

produces thrombin from prothrombin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what does thrombin convert ?

A

fibrinogen into fibrin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

state whether fibrinogen & fibrin are soluble or insoluble and also state if theyre large or small

A

fibrinogen is soluble & small
fibrin is insoluble & large

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what does the word ischaemia mean and what chain of events happen due to ischaemia ?

A

poor blood supply to a tissue
causes hypoxia which causes necrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what two organs does having shock affect?

A

the brain & kidney (ischaemia in both)
the brain is reversible but then becomes permanent

kidney is reversible but becomes more severe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what type of obstruction occurs when thrombus blocking happens?

A

complete and partial obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the name given to something when the localized area of the tissue dies?

A

infarction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

when does homeostsis occur/has been achieved in terms of bleeding - is it when bleeding continues or once bleeding has stopped?

A

homeostasis is achieved once bleeding has stopped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is thrombolysis ?

A

when plasmin cuts fibrin into smaller fragments

17
Q

describe the function of the carotid sinuses

A

when BP drops the cartotid sinuse sends a signal to the brain. the brain tells the heart to pump faster via SNS signal and HR increases to compensate for loss in BP.

18
Q

3 functions of platelets

A
  • trauma to vessels
    -adhere
    -exposure
19
Q

what is the clotting system activated by?

A

collagen and stagnant blood

20
Q

what does smoking cigarretes do to your platelets and what is the chance of thrombus forming due to this ?

A

increases the stickiness of platelets
thrombus is more likely to form

21
Q

how is thrombus removed ?

A

plasminogen protein is converted into plasmin

plasmin cuts fibrin into smaller fragments (process called thromolysis)

22
Q

where does thrombus occur and its role

A

occurs in flowing blood & stops bleeding

23
Q

what are multiple layers of clot and thrombus called ?

A

Lines of Zahn.

24
Q

what is Lines of Zahn?

A

multiple layers of clot and thrombus

25
Q

what is the lumen of artery/blood vessels lined by?

A

endothelial cells

26
Q

what surrounds the basal lamina ?

A

smooth muscle cells

27
Q

what surrounds smooth muscle cells ?

A

collagen fibres

28
Q

where are clotting factors mainly produced?

A

in the liver

‘liver makes factors’

29
Q

where in the body are platelets found and what type of cell produces them?

A

found in the bone marrow and produced by megakoryocytes

30
Q

what is the literal meaning of coagulation ?

A

solidification

31
Q

what are two types of coagulation ?

A

thrombus and clotting

32
Q

what colour is thrombi

A

pale cream

33
Q

what state must blood be for a clot to form?

A

stationary/stagnant

34
Q

describe the 3 predisposing situations that occurs in Virchow’s Triad

A

-hypercouagibility
-changes to blood flow
-damage to endothelium

35
Q

what is atheroma ?

A

build up of lipid/plaque in the artery(initima of arerty)

36
Q

what organ would you get a infection in as a result of Mesenteric artery thrombosis

A

in the gut

37
Q

what do carotid bodies respond to?

A

responds to the partial pressur eof oxygen

38
Q

what are the 2 signs to indicate a patient has circulatory shock?

A

-low BP
-fast pulse (>100bpm)

39
Q

state 3 types of circulatory shock & what each involve

A

1) Hypovolaemic shock - reduction of blood in circulation
2) Septic shock - heart muscle loses tone, resulting in bradycardia
3) Cardiogenic shock - heart is unable to pump properly

FOM week 8 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions