circuits

Question 1

current electricity

Answer 1

the rate of flow of electrons

Question 2

electrical circuit

Answer 2

path for transmitting electrical current

Question 3

current

Answer 3

rate at which electrons flow

Question 4

how do electron flow

Answer 4

electrons flow out of negative into positive terminal

Question 5

direct vs alternating current

Answer 5

• direct: flow of charge always in same direction
• alternating: direction of charge flow switches back nd forth at regular intervals

Question 6

resistance

Answer 6

degree to which the flow of electrons is opposed

Question 7

why are resistors used

Answer 7

to decrease current flow by converting it to heat

Question 8

which factors impact resistance of a wire?

Answer 8

• thickness
• length
• material
• temperature

Question 9

how does thickness impact resistance?

Answer 9

• thin: increases resistance
• thick: decrease resistance

Question 10

how does length impact resistance?

Answer 10

• long: increase
• short: decrease

Question 11

how does material impact resistance?

Answer 11

• iron/rubber/glass/plastic: increase
• copper/aluminum: decrease

Question 12

how does temperature impact resistance?

Answer 12

• hot: increase
• cold: decrease

Question 13

ohms law

Answer 13

• current flowing through circuit is directly proportional to potential differences maintained across its ends (physical conditions kept consistent)
• V=IR

Question 14

current units

Answer 14

• I in A (amperes)

Question 15

charge units

Answer 15

• q in C (coulombs)

Question 16

time units

Answer 16

• t is s (seconds)

Question 17

resistance units

Answer 17

• R in (ohms)

Question 18

voltage units

Answer 18

• V in V (volts)

Question 19

power units

Answer 19

• P in w (watts)

Question 20

current in series vs parallel

Answer 20

• series: It=I1=I2… (same everywhere)
• parallel: It=I1+I2… (sum of branches)

Question 21

resistance in series vs parallel

Answer 21

• series: Rt=R1+R2… (sum of all)
• parallel: 1/Rt=1/R1+1/R2… (decrease as branch increase)

Question 22

series circuit

Answer 22

• current has single path
• current goes through every component
• if one component goes out, circuit is incomplete nd all stops working

Question 23

parallel circuit

Answer 23

• current has multiple paths
• current goes through each path
• still works if one branch goes out bc circuit is still complete

Question 24

potential difference

Answer 24

• volts
• work done by a charge as it moves between two points

Question 25

potential gain vs potential drop

Answer 25

• potential gain: initial voltage less than final voltage (where battery adds power)
• potential drop: initial greater than final (losing voltage in a bulb)