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Physics GCSE - Unit 1 > Circuits > Flashcards

Circuits Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the ‘Electrical Current’

A

The Electrical Current is the flow of free electrons (negatively charged).
It is described as a measure of the charge that flows past a point every second. It flows from + to -

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2
Q

What is the current measured in?

A

Current is measured in Amps (A)

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3
Q

What is the current measured using?

A

It is measured using an ammeter connected in series

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4
Q

What is the voltage?

A

The voltage is a measure of how much energy the electrical charge can convert from one form into another as it flows through a component in the circuit. The higher the voltage, the more electrical energy is supplied to the component.

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5
Q

What is the voltage?

A

The voltage is a measure of how much energy the electrical charge can convert from one form into another as it flows through a component in the circuit. The higher the voltage, the more electrical energy is supplied to the component.

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6
Q

What is voltage measured in?

A

Voltage is measured in Volts (V)

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7
Q

What is voltage measured using?

A

Voltage is measured using a voltmeter connected in parallel

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8
Q

What is resistance?

A

Resistance is a measure of how difficult it is for current to flow through a wire or device. More resistance means less current because it is more difficult for it to flow.

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9
Q

How is resistance caused?

A

Resistance is caused due to the collisions between the free electrons and the atoms/ions in the metal.

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10
Q

Which have more resistance?

Longer, thinner wires or shorter, thicker wires

A

Longer, thinner wires

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11
Q

What is resistance measured in?

A

It is measured in Ohms

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12
Q

What is a series circuit?

A

In a series circuit, there is only one path for the electrical current to flow along and the bulbs are one after the other. If B1 does not work, B2 will not go off either.

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13
Q

What is a parallel circuit?

A

In a parallel circuit, there is more than one path and the circuit is divided into branches. Bulbs 1 and 2 are in series but Bulb 3 is not. So, if bulb 3 breaks then bulbs 1 and 2 will continue to work.

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14
Q

What is the current in series circuits?

A

The value of the current is the same at all points in the circuit since there is only one path for the current to flow along.

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15
Q

What is the voltage in a series circuit?

A

The voltage across both components /bulbs here adds up to the voltage across the supply /battery (V1=V2+V3)

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16
Q

Current in parallel circuits

A

-The ammeter in a parallel circuit is connected in series
The value of the current in the 2 branches adds up to the total current flowing.
A1=A2+A3

17
Q

Voltage in parallel

A

The voltage across all components in parallel is the same

V1=V2+V3

18
Q

What are variable resistors?

A

A resistor with which you can alter/vary the resistance. They can be put in circuits to control the current and voltage. e.g volume control and dimmer switch

19
Q

What is Ohms Law?

A

Describes the relationship between voltage, current and resistance.
Resistance =Voltage ÷Current

20
Q

Current - Voltage Relationship

A

Resistor or wire at constant temperature. Moving the variable resistor changes the resistance of the circuit so that you can then change and measure the voltage across the resistor /wire and the current flowing through it.

21
Q

Changing resistance

A

If the resistance of a resistor /wire doubles than the current will halve, provided that the voltage across it is kept constant. This relationship is inversely proportional.

22
Q

Resistors in series

A

The more resistors that are added in series, the greater the resistance. The total resistance is the sum of all resistors. Rt =R1 +R2+R3

23
Q

Resistors in parallel

A

When resistors are added in parallel, the total resistance decreases.When more resistors are added in parallel, there are more channels for the current to flow through, and hence there’s less resistance.

Physics GCSE - Unit 1 (1 decks)

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