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Cinema Final > Cinema Final > Flashcards

Cinema Final Flashcards

1
Q

Persistence of Vision

A

Multiple images blend into a single image in the human mind to create the illusion of motion

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2
Q

Phi Phenomenon

A

The apparent motion caused by a changing static image

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3
Q

Beta Movement

A

The apparent motion between different light sources that are periodically switched on

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4
Q

Flicker Fusion

A

The ratio which flickering light appears as a constant source

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5
Q

Additive Colors

A

Mixing Color Light - R+B+G = White
R+G = Yellow
R+ B = Magenta
G+B = Cyan

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6
Q

Subtractive Colors

A

Mixing of paints, dyes, inks and natural colorants

MYC = Black

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7
Q

Rods and Cones in eyes

A

Humans have trichromatic color vision.

3 Cones are Red, Blue and Green

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8
Q

Analogous Colors

A

Colors that sit next to each other on the color wheel

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9
Q

Tertiary Colors

A

Subtle Colors achieved by mixing a primary and secondary on the color wheel

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10
Q

Complementary Colors

A

Colors diagonally opposite one another on the color wheel.

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11
Q

Achromatic Colors

A

Colors lacking strong chromatic content. Complementary colors cancel each others hues producing achromatic colors

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12
Q

Color Temperature

A

Lower Kelvin = Warmer Light
Higher Kelvin = Cooler Light
Tungsten 3200K
Daylight 5600K

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13
Q

Tungsten

A

Used indoors turning yellowish-orange light, white in the image

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14
Q

Daylight

A

Used outdoors with sunlight the image will appear white

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15
Q

Exposure Triad

A

ISO, Aperture and Shutter Speed

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16
Q

ISO = Noise

A

higher ISO = higher grain
smaller grain = sharper
larger grain = noisy

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17
Q

Shutter Speed = Motion Blur

A

Fast S.S. = Freeze Time (less light)
Slow S.S. = Motion Blur
(more light)

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18
Q

Shutter Speed formula

A

(shutter opening/360)*(1/frame rate)

Typical film S.S = 1/48 at 180 degrees

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19
Q

F-Stop

A

The ratio of the focal length to the diameter of the lens opening.
F-Stop = focal length/aperture diameter

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20
Q

Exposure determined by..

A

shutter speed, aperture or ISO

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21
Q

Cinematographic shutter speed is a factor of…

A

Shutter angle and frame rate

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22
Q

Perceived Motion

A

Frame rate and projection speed dictate perceived speed of motion.

Standard projection rate = 24fps

Formula = projection rate/camera frame rate

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23
Q

Slow Motion

A

Overcranking

Achieved by filming at faster rate, projecting @ slower rate or time stretching

24
Q

Fast Motion

A

Undercranking

Achieved by filming at a slower rate or projecting faster

25
Q

Quantity of Light

A

Amount of light determines exposure settings

Light meters measure quantity of light

26
Q

Incident light

A

The amount of light falling on an object or subject

- Measured at the subject with an incident light meter

27
Q

Incident Light Meter

A

Reads the light falling on the lumisphere in foot-candles or lux

28
Q

Footcandles

A

The illuminance cast on a surface by a one- candle source from 1 foot away

29
Q

Reflected Light

A

Amount of light being reflected off a subject

- Measured using a spot meter

30
Q

Spot Meter

A

Measures light reflected off a particular part of a subject. Measured in Exposure Value (EV)

31
Q

Quality of Light

A

Cannot be scientifically measured. Based on size in relation to distance from subject
Larger source= softer light
smaller source = harsher light

32
Q

Hard Light

A

Displays a distinct well-defined shadow

33
Q

Soft Light

A

Displays a fuzzy or non-existent shadow

34
Q

Scrims, flags and nets

A

change quantity of light not quality

35
Q

Contrast Ratio

A

Difference between brightest and darkest area of image.
Expressed as 2^x
x = # of stops difference

36
Q

Waveform Monitor

A

Displays the brightness/luminance of an image

37
Q

Vectorscope

A

measures color info in an image

38
Q

Golden Ratio

A 
# signified by greek symbol phi
Ratio that divides a frame into a series of rectangles that proportionally relate to the next larger rectangle in a endless sequence
39
Q

Center Framing

A

Uses vanishing point to direct an audience’s eyes via the lines of the image

40
Q

Convex

A

Bulging outward from lens

41
Q

Concave

A

Depressed into lens

42
Q

Planar

A

Flat surface

43
Q

Positive/convergent

A

light rays are refracted + converge onto a focal point BEHIND the lens

44
Q

negative/divergent

A

light rays after passing through the lens appear to emanate from a particular point on the axis IN FRONT of the lens

45
Q

Refractive Index

A

Measure of how much the speed of light is reduced inside the medium

46
Q

Refraction

A

Light rays change direction when they cross the interface from air to the material

47
Q

Reflection

A

Light that reflects partially from surfaces that have a refractive index different from their surroundings

48
Q

2 most common aberrations

A
  • Spherical

- Chromatic > failure of a lens to focus all colors to the same convergence point. Fixed with a achromatic doublet

49
Q

Barrel Distortion

A

Effect of an image which has been mapped around a sphere or barrel

50
Q

Normal Lenses

A

Approximate the same field of view as average human vision

51
Q

Field of View

A

the extent of the observable world that is visible to your camera.

52
Q

Wider Focal Length

A

decreased magnification

expanded background

53
Q

Telephoto focal length

A

increased magnification

compressed background

54
Q

Depth of Field

A

The part of an image that is in acceptable focus IN FRONT of the lens

55
Q

Depth of Focus

A

Area that is in acceptable focus BEHIND the focal plane

56
Q

Hyperfocal Distance

A

Point of focus where everything from half distance to infinity falls within depth go field. Determined by f-stop, focal length and circle of confusion

57
Q

Adjusting Depth of Field

A 
1. Aperture
(wider = shallow DoF)
2. Focal Length
(wider = deeper DoF)
3. Camera-Subject distance (closer = shallow DoF)
4. film/sensor/mediu, size 
(larger = shallow DoF)

Cinema Final (1 decks)

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