cids dsm symptoms Flashcards
autism spectrum disorder
- chapter
- criteria a+b + specifiers for severity
chapter: developmental disorders
criteria: deficit in social communication and social interaction (failure of normal converstaion, abnormal eye contact, no facial expressions). repetitive patterns of behaviour. at least 2: (motor movements, use of objects or speech), (touines, rituals), (fixation on something), (hypoer/hypoactivity to sensory input). severity based on social communication, impairments and repetitive patterns.
ADHD
- chapter
- hitop spectrum
chapter: developmental disorders
hitop: disinhibited externalising
1: persistent pattern of inattention. 6 or more symptoms have persisted for 6 months (age 17+ 5 symptoms). the symptoms:
- fails to give attention to details
- difficulty sustaining attentioni
- don’t actively listen
- fails to finish duties
- difficulty organising
- avoids activities with mental effort (school, reading papers)
- losing things
- often distracted
- forgetful
2: persistent impairment hyperactivity-impulsivity. 6 or more symptoms for 6 months (age 17+ 5 symptoms
- fidgets
- leaves seat when remaining seat is expected
- runs/climbs when inappropriate
- unable to stay quiet during activities
- often ‘on the go’
- talks excessively
- blurts out answers before question
- difficulty waiting on turn
- interrupts
Brief psychotic disorder
- chapter
- hitop
chapter: psychotic
hitop: thought disorder
presence of min 1 symptom: delusions, hallucintaions, disorganised speech, disorganised/catatonic behaviour. (at least 1 of the first three). duration of episode at least 1 day, but less than 1 month, with full return to premorbid level of functioning.
Delusional disorder
- chapter
-hitop
chapter: psychotic
hitop: thought disorder
criteria: the presence of minimal one delusion with duration of 1 month or longer
Schizophreniform
- chapter
- hitop
chapter: psychotic
hitop: thought disorder
A: 2 or more symptoms, present during 1 month (or less). at least one of the first three:
- delusions
- hallucinations
- disorganised speech
- disorganised / catatonic bheaviour
- negative symptoms (diminshed emotions)
B: episode at least 1 month but less than 6 months. when diagnosis made without waiting for recovery, then ‘provisional’
schizophrenia
- chapter
- hitop
chapter: psychotic
hitop: thought disorder
A: 2 or more symptoms for 1 month period (or less if treated)
- delusions
- hallucinations
- disorganised speech
- disorganised / catatonic bheaviour
- negative symptoms
B: level of function in one or more major areas, such as work, is below the level achieved prior
C: signs of disturbance persist for 6 months, with at least 1 month of symptoms that meet criteria A
schizoaffective
- chapter
-hitop
chapter: psychotic
hitop: thought disorder subfactor mania
A: period of illness including major mood episode (depressive/manic) concurrent with criterion A of schizophrenia
B: delusions / halluciations for 2 or more weeks in absence of major mood episode during lifetime of illness
C: not attributable to alcohol / medical condition
manic episode (criterion for a syndrome)
chapter bipolar
A: period of abnormally and persistently elevated/irritable mood and increase activity of energy, lasting 1 week and present most of the day, nearly every day .
B: three or more symptoms
- inflated self-esteem
- decreased need for sleep
- more talkative
- thoughts are racing
- distractibility
- increase in goal-directed activity (socially / sexually)
- excessive involvement in activities including painful consequences
C: disturbance causes impairment in social functioning, or needing hospitalisation to prevent harm to self or others, or psychotic features.
hypomanic episode (criterion of a syndrome)
chapter: bipolar
A:period of elevated / irritable mood and increased activity lasting 4 days and present most of the day.
B: mood diturbance causes increased energy and three or more of the symptoms:
- inflated self-esteem
- decreased need for sleep
- more talkative
- thoughts are racing
- distractibility
- increase in goal-directed activity (socially / sexually)
- excessive involvement in activities including painful consequences
C: episode causes change in functioning that is uncharacteristic of the individual
- disturbance in mood and functioning are observable by others
Major depressive episode (criteria for syndromes)
chapter: bipolar
A: min 5 symptoms, present in 2 weeks and change in functioning. 1 symptom is either depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure.
- depressed mood most of the day
- loss of interest / pleasure in almost all acitivities
- weight loss (change of more than 5% in a month)
- insomnia / hypersomnia
- psychomotor agitation / retardation
- fatigue / loss of energy
- worthlessness / guilt
- unable to think / concentrate / indecisiveness
- recurrent thoughts of death / suicidal ideation
The 13 chapters
- developmental
- psychotic
- bipolar
- bipolar & depressive
- depressive
- anxiety
- obsessive compulsive
- trauma-related
- dissociative
- somatic symptoms
- eating
- disruptive, impulse and control
- substance related
Bipolar 1
chapter: bipolar
hitop: internalising & thought disorder. subfactor mania. sws manic episode.
criteria A (manic episode): period of abnormally + peristent elevated, expansive or irritable mood + increased activity / energy. Lasting at least 1 weak + present most of the day nearly every day (any duration if hospitalisation is necessary)
criteria A (hypomanic): 4 days, etc
Criteria A (depressive episode): the criteria + bipolar 1 does not necessarily contain this but it is common
Bipolar 2
chapter: bipolar
hitop: internalising & thought disorder. subfactor mania. at least 1 hypomanic episode and 1 depressive episode
Specifier with psychotic features
chapter: bipolar & depressive
hitop: thought disorder
delusions / hallucinations are present at any time in episode. Specifier can be given with bipolar 1 or depressive syndromes
Major depressive disorder
Chapter: depressive
hitop: internalising, subfactor distress
criteria:
same as depressive episode (9 symptoms)
Persistent depressive disorder
chapter: depressive
hitop: internalising, subfactor distress
criteria:
A. depressed mood for 2 years (in children/adolescents 1year)
B. while depressed, two or more of: poor appetite / overeating, insomnia / hypersomnia, fatigue, low self-esteem, poor concentration / indisiciveness, feelings of hopelessness.
4 specifiers:
1. pure dysthymic syndrome: full criteria have not been met for depressive episode for preceding 2 years
2. peristent major depressive episode: full criteria for major depressive episode have been met for 2 years
3. intermittent major depressive episodes with current episode: full criteria are currently met, but periods of 8 weeks with symptoms below threshold
4. intermittent major depressive episode, without current episode: full criteria have not currently been met, but one or more episodes in the last 2 years
Specifier panick attack
chapter: anxiety
can be given with any DSM syndrome
Specific phobia
chapter: anxiety
hitop: internalising, subfactor fear
criteria:
A. fear / anxiety about specific object or situation
B. it almost always provokes immediate fear / anxiety
C. it is actively avoided or endured with intense fear of anxiety
D. fear is out of proportion
E. Lasts for 6 months +
Social anxiety
Chapter: anxiety
hitop: internalising, subfactor fear
criteria:
A. fear about1 + social situations in which person is exposed to possible scrutiny by others.
B. fears to act in a way / show anxiety symptoms that will be negatively evaluated
C. the situation almost always provokes fear
D. situations are avoided / endured with fear
E. fear = out of proportion
F. fear/anxiety/ avoidance is 6 months
Panic disorder
Chapter: anxiety
hitop: internalising, subfactor fear
criteria:
A. unexpected attacks with 4 or more symptoms:
palpitations, sweating, trembling, shortness of breath, choking, chest pain, nausea, feeling dizzy, chills / heat, parasthesias (numbness), derealisation / depersonalisation, fear of losing control, fear of dying.
B. one attack has been followed by 1 month of one/ both :
1. peristent concern / worry about next panic attack
2. change in behaviour related to attacks (avoidance)
agoraphobia
chapter: anxiety
hitop: internalising , subfactor fear
criteria:
A. fear about 2 or more of these situations:
- public transportations
- being in open spaces
- being in enclosed spaces
- standing in line or being in a crowd
- being outside of the home alone
B. fears / avoids these situations, because escape might be difficult / there is no help.
C. it almost always provokes fear
D. situations are avoided,require presence of companion, or endured with intense fear
E. fear is out of proportion
F. 6 months or more
Gad
chapter: anxiety
hitop: internalising, subfactor fear
A. excessive anxiety and worry, for 6 months
B. difficult to control worry
C. anxiety / worry is associated with at least 3 symptoms: restlessness, easily fatigued, no concentration, irritablity, muscle tension, sleep disturbance
Obsessive - compulsive
chapter: obsessive-compulsive
hitop: internalising, subfactor fear
A. presence of obsession, compulsions or both.
obessions: peristent thoughts, urges or images, perceived as intrusive / unwanted, causing stress + attempts to ignore / neutralise them
compulsions: repetitive behaviours / mental acts in response to obessions / rules that must be applied. they are aimed at preventing / reducing anixety / preventing situations
B. it is time consuming (more than 1 hour a day), or cause distress
PTSS
chapter: trauma-related
hitop: internalising, subfactor distress
A. exposure to actual / threatened death, injury or sexual violence:
- directly experiencing
- witnessing
- learning it occured to close people
- experiencing repeated / extreme exposure to aversive details of traumatic events (police officers)
B. intrusions
C. avoidance
D. negative alterations in cognitions and mood associated with event
E. alterations in arousal and reactivity associated with event
F. duration of b, c, d, e is more than 1 month
acute stress
chapter: trauma-related
A. exposure to actual / threatened death, injury or sexual violence by:
- experiencing
- witnessing
- learning it happened to close persons
- repeated or extreme exposure to aversive details of traumatic events
B. nine + symptoms from these categories:
- intrusions
- negative mood
- dissociative symptoms
- avoidance symptoms
- arousal symptoms
C. duration persisted 3 days to 1 month after exposure
Adjustment disorder
chapter: trauma-related
A. emotional or behavioural symptoms in response to stressors occurring within 3 months of stressor onset
B. one or both:
- distress out of proportion
- significant impairment in social/occupational / other life areas
C. doesnt meat criteria for other mental disorder and is also not exacerbation of pre-existing disorder
dissociative identity
chapter: dissociative
A. disruption of identity by 2+ distinct personality traits (possession). alterations in affect, behaviour, consciousness, memory, perception, cognition, sensory-motor
B. gaps in recall of everyday events, personal info and traumatic events
dissociative amnesia
chapter: dissociative
A. inability to recall autobiographical information, usually of traumatic / stressful nature. also, for specific events/ life history. not per se ordinary forgetting
depersonalisation / derealisation
chapter: dissociative
A. presence of persistent/recurrent depersonalisation / derealisation or both. deperonalisation: unreality, detachment, observing from outside regarding thoughts/feelings/sensations (distorted sense of time)
derealisation: unreality or detachment regarding surroundings (individuals / objects are dreamlike)
B. during these experiences, reality testing remains intact
Somatic symptom disorder
chapter: somatic sympoms
hitop: somatoform
A: one or more somatic symptoms that are distressing or result in significant disruption of daily life
B: excessive thoughts, feelings or behaviours related to somatic symptoms or health concerns of at least 1:
- disproporionate and persistent thoughts about symptoms
- high level of anxiety about health / symptoms
- excessive time and energy devoted to symptoms / health concerns
illness anxiety disorder
chapter: somatic symptoms
hitop: somatoform
A: preoccupation with having / acquiring a serious illness
B: somatic symptoms are not present / or mildly. other medical condition present / high risk for disease -> preoccupation is excessive or disproportionate
C: high level anxiety about health, easliy alarmed about personal health
D: excessive health-related behaviours (checks body / signs) or avoidance (avoids doctor appointments)
conversion disorder
chapter: somatic symptoms
A: one or more symptoms of altered voluntary motor or sensory function
B: clinical findings provide evidence of incompatibility between symptoms and recognised neurological or medical conditions
Anorexia nervosa
chapter: feeding and eating disorders
hitop: interalising, subfactor eating
A: restriction of energy intake, leading to low body weight (in context of age, sex and physical health). low weight is less than minimally normal
B: fear of gaining weight or becoming fat, persistent behaviour that interferes with weight gain
C: disturbance in which one’s body weight / shape is experienced, undue inlfuence of body weight or shape on self-evaluation, or lack of recognition of seriousness of low body weight
Bulimia nervosa
chapter: feeding and eating disorders
hitop: internalising, subfactor eating
A: recurrent episodes of binge eating:
- eating in a discrete period of time, an amount of food that is larger than what most individuals would eat in that time
- lack of control over eating during the episode
B: compensatory behaviour in order to prevent weight gain, such as vomiting, laxatives, diuretics or other medications, fasting or excessive exercise
C: binge eating + compensatory behaviours occur at least one a week for 3 months
D: self-evaluation is unduly influenced by body shape and weight
oppositional defiant disorder
chapter: disruptive, impuls and control
hitop: externalising (disinhibited & antagonistic), subfactor antisocial behaviour)
A: angry/irritable mood, argumentative / defiant behaviour or vindicativeness lasting at least 6 months with at least 4 symptoms. interaction with at least one individual other than sibling
- angry / irritable mood
- often loses temper
- often touchy or easily annoyed
- often angry and resentful - argumentative / defiant behaviour
- argues with authority figures (or with adults)
-defies or refuses to comply with request from authority figures or rules
- deliberately annoys others
- blames others for own misbehaviour - vindictiveness
- has been spiteful of vindictive at least twice within past 6 months
under 5 years: most of the days for 6 months
above 5 years: at least once a week for 6 months
conduct disorder
chapter: disruptive, impuls and control
hitop: externalising (disinhibited & antagonistic), subfactor antisocial behaviour
A: pattern of behaviour in which basic rights of others or age-appropriate norms are violated. at least 3 ofo the 15 criteria in past 12 months, at least 1 present in the past 6 months
1 aggression to people and animals
- bullies, threatens or intimidates
- initiates fights
- used a weapon to harm, such as brick, bottle, knife
- physically cruel to people
- physically cruel to animals
- stolen while confronting victim (mugging
- forced someone into sexual activity
2 destruction of property
- engaged in fire setting
- destroys other’s property
3 deceitfulness of theft
- broken into house, car
- lies to obtain goods or favours to avoid obligations
- stolen items without confronting victim (shoplifting)
4 serious violation of rules
- stays out at night (beginning for age 13)
- run away from home at least twice
- truant from school, before age 13
substance use disorder (alcohol)
chapter: substance - related disorders
hitop: disinhibited externalising, subfactor substance abuse
A: pattern of alcohol use leading to impairment or distress, at least 2 symptoms occurring within 12 months:
1. alcohol is often taken in larger amounts or oover longer period than was intended
2. persistent desire / unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control alcohol use
3. time is spent in activities necessary to obtain alcohol, use it or recover from hangover
4. cravings for alcohol
5. recurrent use, resulting in failure to fulfill major role obligations at work school or home
6. Continued alcohol use despite having persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal
problems caused or exacerbated by the effects of alcohol
7. Important social, occupational, or recreational activities are given up or reduced
8. Recurrent alcohol use in situations in which it is physically hazardous
9. Alcohol use is continued despite knowledge of having a persistent or recurrent
physical or psychological problem
10. higher tolerance -> need more alcohol, have less of a hangover
11 withdrawal
