CIC Flashcards
What are the 5 moments for hand hygiene
- Before patient contact
- After patient contact
- Before aseptic task
- After body fluid contact
- After contact with patient surroundings
9 GDC standards
Put patients’ interests first
Communicate effectively with patients
Obtain valid consent
Maintain and protect patients’ information
Have a clear and effective complaints procedure
Work with colleagues in a way that is in patients’ best interests
Maintain, develop and work within your professional knowledge and skills
Raise concerns if patients are at risk
Make sure your personal behaviour maintains patients’ confidence in you and the dental profession
What professionalism involves
-applying current guidance and protocols
-Appropriate behavior
-Maintaining confidentiality
-Valid Consent
-Respecting patients
-Communication with patients
-Working safely and professionally
-Protecting patients and keeping them safe
-Good record keeping (maintains full accurate records and legal defence if complaint)
-Respecting nurses and other dental team members
-Maintaining professional boundaries with patients
-What you do outside of the professional environment
What is the Dentist Act 1984
-set up the current constitution of
the GDC for the regulation of dentistry
-involved in the registration and control of persons practising dentistry’
Function of the GDC - the 1 main overlying one. Then 5 functions
-PROTECTION OF PATIENTS
1) The Regulation of Dentistry (ensuring public confidence in profession)
2) Quality Assurance of Dental Education
3) Registration Role (recognised training pathway)
4) Setting Standards of Dental Practice and Behaviour (sets out what patients expectt from professionals)
5) Keeping up to date (life-long learning)
Key components of consent. What the patient must be able to do with the info
-communicate, understand, retain and evaluate
-able to 1) comprehend and retain info, 2) believe info given, and 3) able to weigh the info to make a choice
-be able to understand treatment options, benefits/ risks
(Next of kin can’t consent, but should be involved in discussions)
Explaining to patient about benefit and risk of getting tooth extracted due to PAP
Taking tooth out because it has gone past the point of being able to save it, and if we leave it in its likely to cause infection that could become serious and cause you to become unwell. Risks is that you can bleed and be sore after extraction, and very small risk of infection afterwards or hitting a nerve.
Who the parental responsibility of a child lies with
Parents if married at time of birth
Mother if not married at time of birth unless Father on birth certificate or they marry or he gains responsibility via court order
Legal guardian
Local authority if in care
5 principles of capacity under the Mental capacity act
- Assume capacity unless established they lack it [don’t assume they don’t have capacity]
- Don’t treat person as unable to make decision unless all practicable steps to help them make the decision have been undertaken and failed
- Person is not unable to make decisions simply because they make an unwise decision [Refusal ≠ lack capacity]
- Any act done or decision made on behalf of someone lacking capacity has to be in their best interests
- Any act done or decision made should be the least restrictive of the person’s rights and freedom of action
examples of never events (dental and general medical related)
Wrong Site Surgery (wrong tooth extracted)
Wrong sided nerve block
Wrong Implant or Prosthesis
Retained foreign object post-procedure
Overdose of insulin due to abbreviations or incorrect device
Falls from poorly restricted windows
Transfusion or transplantation of ABO incompatible blood components or organs Misplaced naso or oro-gastric tubes
Scalding of patients
Wrong route of drug administration
Steps to avoid extracting/ injecting wrong tooth/ site
-Marked bib
-Witness watch delivery of LA in the correct site
-STOP and block: Witness/clinical supervisor and student AGREE correct tooth prior to proceeding to extract.
-Witness documents
-Whiteboard with patient name, DOB, tooth palmer notation, and long notation
-time out stamp/ sheet
-get patient to point to tooth
-student identify correct tooth
The key steps of CPR
- Check for danger
- Check responsiveness: tap their side, shake shoulders, ‘can you hear me’
- Shout for help
- Level 2 PPE in covid times: apron, mask, visor, gloves
- Airway: tilt head back and chin lift. Keep tilted to open airways and check for obstruction. Vomit should be aspirated or flicked out
- Breathing: oxygen mask placed over nose and mouth to see any fogging. Place hand on chest to check for rising. Check for up to 10s. Non-covid times put face up to theirs to feel and look down chest for breathing
- Circulation – check carotid pulse only if competent
- Get someone to call 999 if in dental hospital or out anywhere, or 2222 if in hospital: ‘adult in cardiac arrest, ask for adult cardiac arrest team, location’
- Get someone else to get the defibrillator (level 5 or 3 of dental hospital)
- Put level 3 PPE on in covid times: visor, gloves, FFP3 mask, surgical gown
- Chest compressions: 30, 5-6 cm deep (1/3 of chest depth), 100-120 bpm. Hands in centre of chest
- Two rescue breaths using bag-valve mask. 1 person holds it over the face to create a good seal. You squeeze it until chest rises and gently release. If mouth to mouth, pinch nose while doing so.
- Recommence compressions and continue 30:2 cycle
- Swap over with someone for compressions after 2 mins.
- Defibrillator when it arrives. Switch it on with pads attached to save time. Only stop CPR when attaching pads. 1 at right side of chest below collar bone, 1 on left side of ribcage. Needed within 4 mins of cardiac arrest. Stand 1 metre clear when advising shock
- Only stop CPR when patient recovers, crash team arrive and tell you to stop, too exhausted
- Put in recovery position if recovers.
Recovery position
Right hand on floor on right side of head. Left knee raised. Left arm across body. Roll over to right side (or vice versa)
What to do if someone is choking
- Ask if they are choking and check they can talk
- Get them to cough. If no noise, colour change, see-saw breathing then…
- Call cardiac arrest team
- Give 5 back blows between shoulder blades. Make sure the patient is up right and leaning slightly forward
- Then give 5 abdominal thrusts. Clasp hands just below rib cage, pull in and up
- 5:5 blows and thrusts
- If collapses perform basic life support: get them to lie down, call for help, CPR etc.
Can cause internal damage to organs so need to be checked over afterwards
How CPR differ for children 1yo - puberty
More likely to have respiratory arrest followed by cardiac arrest.
Ribs less likely to break as cartilaginous
5 rescue breaths first. Use a smaller bag-valve mask.
Then 15 compressions. 4-5cm
2 rescue breaths: 15 compressions
