CIA Flashcards
MMPI Clinical Scales
1 Hypochondriasis (Hs) 2 Depression (D) 3 Hysteria (Hy) 4 Psychopathic Deviate (Pd) 5 Masculinity-Femininity (Mf) 6 Paranoia (Pa) 7 Psychasthenia (Pt) 8 Schizophrenia (Sc) 9 Hypomania (Ma) 0 Social Introversion (Si)
MMPI 2
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Validity Scales
L
(F)
(K)
(VRIN)
(TRIN)
(CNS)
(FBS)
(S)
(Fback)
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Mean: 50 STD: 10 Ages:18 +
(L)- Lie- Measures whether individual is trying to look good or rather is willing to own up to basic human vulnerabilities
(F)- Infrequency (faking bad)- Significantly high scores on this scale bring the validity of a profile into question. - Over reporting
(Fback) - The same as (F) but back half of test
(FBS) - Symptom Validity
(K)- Correction- Significantly high scores on this scale indicate a testee is defensive and attempting to hide something. - Underreporting.
(VRIN) Random Responding. VRIN > 80 Profile uninterpretable
(TRIN) Fixed Responding (i.e., marking all true)
(CNS) Cannot Say
(S) Superlative Self-Presentation - Contains subscales to assist in identifying specific areas of defensiveness:
– Belief in human goodness
– Serenity
– Contentment with life
– Patience and denial of irritability and anger – Denial of moral flaws
SCALE 1 – HYPOCHONDRIASIS (Hs)
T > 75 Extreme and sometimes bizarre somatic concerns; consider somatic delusions; chronic pain
T > 65-74 Somatic complaints, may develop somatic symptoms in times of stress; chronic pain
SCALE 2 – DEPRESSION (D)
T > 75 Serious clinical depression; suicidal ideation; feelings of unworthiness and inadequacy
T = 65-74 Moderate depression, worried, somatic complaints
T=55-64 Dissatisfied with life situation; introverted, withdrawn; restricted range of interests; lacking in self-confidence
SCALE 3 – HYSTERIA (Hy)
T > 75 Extreme somatic complaints; consider conversion disorder; reacts to stress by developing somatic symptoms which may disappear when stress subsides; chronic pain
T = 65-74 Somatic symptoms; chronic pain; lacks insight concerning causes of symptoms
T = 55-64 Somatic complaints; denial, immature, self-centered; demanding; suggestible, affiliative
SCALE 4 – PSYCHOPATHIC DEVIATE (Pd)
T > 75 Antisocial behavior; trouble with the law
T = 65-74 Rebellious, non-conforming; family problems; impulsive, angry, irritable, dissatisfied; creative; underachievement; poor work history
T=55-64 unconventional; immature, self-centered; superficial relationships; extroverted, energetic
SCALE 5 MASCULINITY-FEMININITY (Mf)
T = >65 Men Lacks traditional masculine interests
T = 45-64 Interests similar to most men
T 65 Women Rejects traditional feminine role
T = 45-64 Interests similar to most women
SCALE 6 – PARANOIA (Pa)
T > 75 Psychotic symptoms, including delusions of persecution and ideas of reference
T = 65-74 Paranoid style, guarded, extremely sensitive to opinions of others; may feel mistreated; blames others; suspicious, resentful, withdrawn; hostile and argumentative
T = 55-64 Overly sensitive; guarded, distruskul ,angry, resentful
SCALE 7 – PSYCHASTHENIA (Pt)
T > 75 Excessive fear and anxiety, Phobias, intruding thoughts, obsessive compulsive symptoms
T = 65-74 Moderate anxiety, depression, fatigue; insomnia, bad dreams; guilt, perfectionism, feels unaccepted
T = 55-64 Anxious, tense, uncomfortable; insecure, lacks self confidence; meticulous, indecisive; shy, introverted
SCALE 8 – SCHIZOPHRENIA (Sc)
T > 75 Confused, disorganized thinking; hallucinations and/or delusions; impaired contact with reality; rule out medical conditions, substance abuse
T = 65-74 Schizoid life style; unusual beliefs; eccentric behaviors; confused, fearful, sad; somatic complaints; uninvolved; excessive fantasy and daydreaming
T= 55-64 Limited interest in other people; impractical; feelings of inadequacy and insecurity
SCALE 9 – HYPOMANIA (Ma)
T > 75 Manic symptoms, including excessive, purposeless activity; hallucinations, delusions of grandeur; confusion, flight of ideas
T = 65-74 Excessive energy, lacks direction, conceptual disorganization, unrealistic self-appraisal; impulsive, low frustraWon tolerance
T = 55-64 Active, energetic, extroverted, creative, rebellious, enterprising, impulsive
SCALE 0 – SOCIAL INTROVERSION (Si)
T > 75 Extreme social withdrawal/avoidance
T = 65-74 Introverted, depressed, guilty, slow personal tempo; lacks self- confidence; lacks interests; submissive, compliant, emotionally over- controlled
T= 55-64 Shy, timid; lacks self-confidence; reliable, dependable
ADDRESSING Model
Age Disability (developmental disability) Disability (acquired physical/ cognitive/psychological disabilities Religion Ethnicity Social Status Sexual Orientation Indigenous Heritage Nation of Origin Gender
(PC) Person Centered
Unconditional positive regard
Real vs. Ideal Selves
Incongruence vs. Congruence
Self Actualization
Conditions of Worth
(PC) Self-Actualization
Innate process toward growth
Constrained by tension between ideal and real self, experiences anxiety and incongruence.
The desire to please others limits authenticity, self-actualization
(PC) Necessary elements for change
Unconditional positive regard, authenticity (genuiness) and empathy from therapist.
As client is accepted explores and accepts true self, can express authentic emotional expression, increases self-regard and moves toward actualization.
