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Continuous Improvement > CI final > Flashcards

CI final Flashcards

1
Q

What is ISO?

A

ISO is the International Organization for Standardization, a non-governmental organization that develops and publishes international standards for various industries.

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2
Q

What are the types of ISO?

A

The two most common types of ISO are ISO 9001, which is a standard for quality management systems, and ISO 14001, which is a standard for environmental management systems.• ISO 26000: Social Responsibility, • ISO 27001: Information Security Management , • ISO 31000: Risk Management

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3
Q

What are the Quality training categories?

A

The four categories of quality training are awareness training, skills training, team training, and management training. (quality planning, quality control, and quality improvement.)

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4
Q

What are the issues with organizational internal politics?

A

Some issues with organizational internal politics include power struggles, favoritism, lack of transparency, and ineffective communication.

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5
Q

What are the different organizational structures?

A

There are several organizational structures, including divisional, decentralized, strategic business unit (SBU), geographic, and functional.

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6
Q

What is a divisional structure?

A

A divisional structure is an organizational structure in which departments are organized around products, services, or markets.

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7
Q

What is a decentralized structure?

A

A decentralized structure is an organizational structure in which decision-making is distributed among multiple levels of management.

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8
Q

What is an SBU structure?

A

An SBU (strategic business unit) structure is an organizational structure in which business units are organized around strategic goals and objectives.

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9
Q

What is a geographic structure?

A

A geographic structure is an organizational structure in which departments are organized around geographic regions.

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10
Q

What is the best known quality award?

A

The best known quality award is the Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award, which recognizes organizations that have achieved excellence in their quality management processes.

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11
Q

What are the 7 tools of Quality Management?

A

The 7 tools of Quality Management are: flowcharts, checklists, Pareto diagrams, histograms, control charts, scatter diagrams, and cause-and-effect diagrams.

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12
Q

What is 5Y?

A

5Y is a problem-solving technique that involves asking “why” five times to identify the root cause of a problem.

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13
Q

What is a cross-functional process flow?

A

A cross-functional process flow is a visual representation of a business process that shows the steps involved and the functions or departments responsible for each step.

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14
Q

What is positive correlation?

A

Positive correlation is a statistical relationship between two variables in which an increase in one variable is associated with an increase in the other variable.

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15
Q

What is stratification?

A

Stratification is a technique for dividing data into groups based on a specific characteristic or attribute, such as age, gender, or location.

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16
Q

What is flowcharting?

A

Flowcharting is a diagrammatic representation of a process showing the flow of steps or activities involved in completing a task.

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17
Q

What is a Pareto chart?

A

A Pareto chart is a bar graph that displays the frequency or relative importance of problems in descending order of occurrence.

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18
Q

What is statistical process control (SPC)?

A

Statistical Process Control (SPC) is a methodology used to monitor and control a process through statistical analysis. SPC uses statistical tools and techniques to measure and analyze the variation in a process and determine whether the process is in control or out of control. The goal of SPC is to identify and eliminate special causes of variation, which are non-random events that occur outside the normal operating conditions of the process, and to reduce the common causes of variation, which are inherent to the process and can be controlled through process improvement efforts. SPC is widely used in manufacturing, but it can be applied to any process that produces a measurable output.

19
Q

What is Six Sigma?

A

Six Sigma is a data-driven methodology for reducing defects and improving quality by systematically identifying and eliminating the sources of variation in a process.

20
Q

What is a control chart?

A

A control chart is a graphical tool used to monitor and control a process over time by displaying process data and indicating the upper and lower control limits.

21
Q

What is LEAN?

A

LEAN is a philosophy and set of practices focused on eliminating waste and maximizing customer value through continuous improvement efforts in all areas of an organization.

22
Q

What is a pull system/Kanban?

A

A pull system/Kanban is a production control system that uses visual signals, such as cards or bins, to signal the need for more materials or products based on actual customer demand

23
Q

What is JIT?

A

JIT (Just-In-Time) is a production strategy that emphasizes producing the right quantity of products at the right time, in order to minimize waste and reduce costs.

24
Q

What is TOC?

A

TOC (Theory of Constraints) is a management philosophy that focuses on identifying and improving the most critical constraint in a system in order to improve overall performance.

25
Q

What is 5S?

A

5S is a workplace organization system that stands for Sort, Set in Order, Shine, Standardize, and Sustain. It is designed to improve efficiency, safety, and organization in the workplace.

26
Q

What is TQM?

A

TQM (Total Quality Management) is a management philosophy that focuses on continuous improvement in all aspects of an organization, with the goal of meeting or exceeding customer expectations.

27
Q

What is Six Sigma?

A

Six Sigma is a data-driven methodology for improving quality and reducing defects in products and processes, with a goal of achieving a defect rate of 3.4 parts per million or less.

28
Q

What is DMAIC?

A

DMAIC is a problem-solving methodology used in Six Sigma that stands for Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control.

29
Q

What is PDCA?

A

PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act) is a problem-solving methodology that involves a continuous cycle of planning, implementing, checking, and adjusting in order to achieve continuous improvement.

30
Q

What is Kaizen?

A

Kaizen is a Japanese term that means continuous improvement. It is a philosophy that focuses on making small, incremental improvements in all aspects of an organization over time.

31
Q

What is Standard Deviation?

A

Standard deviation is a measure of how spread out a set of data is from its average or mean value.

32
Q

What are the main principles of Six Sigma?

A

The main principles of Six Sigma include customer focus, data-driven decision making, process focus, continuous improvement, and teamwork.

33
Q

How is standard deviation calculated?

A

standard deviation is calculated by taking the square root of the variance of a set of data. The variance is calculated by finding the average of the squared differences of each data point from the mean.

34
Q

What are the benefits of using PDCA?

A

The benefits of using PDCA include improved problem-solving skills, increased efficiency, better communication, and a more structured approach to continuous improvement.

35
Q

What are the roles of different levels of Six Sigma professionals?

A

Different levels of Six Sigma professionals include Champions, Black Belts, Green Belts, and Yellow Belts. Champions provide leadership and strategic direction for Six Sigma initiatives. Black Belts lead Six Sigma projects and mentor Green Belts. Green Belts are trained to support Black Belts in Six Sigma projects. Yellow Belts receive basic Six Sigma training and support process improvement initiatives.

36
Q

What is HOQ?

A

HOQ stands for House of Quality, which is a tool used in Quality Function Deployment (QFD) to translate customer requirements into technical specifications for a product or service.

37
Q

What is a tree diagram?

A

A tree diagram is a tool used in problem-solving and decision-making that visually displays the hierarchy of a problem and its components. It allows the user to break down a problem into smaller and more manageable parts.

38
Q

What is an affinity diagram?

A

An affinity diagram is a tool used to organize and group ideas based on their natural relationships. It is often used in brainstorming sessions to help organize and make sense of a large number of ideas.

39
Q

What is Quality Management?

A

Quality Management is a comprehensive approach to managing an organization’s quality. It involves a set of activities and techniques used to improve the quality of products and services, increase customer satisfaction, and reduce costs.

40
Q

What is Total Quality Management?

A

Total Quality Management (TQM) is a management approach that emphasizes the importance of customer satisfaction, continuous improvement, and employee involvement in achieving quality excellence.

41
Q

What is Statistical Process Control (SPC)?

A

Statistical Process Control (SPC) is a statistical tool used to monitor and control processes in order to ensure that they are operating within established limits and are capable of producing products or services that meet customer requirements.

42
Q

What is Lean Manufacturing?

A

Lean Manufacturing is a production philosophy that emphasizes the elimination of waste and the continuous improvement of processes to achieve maximum efficiency and customer satisfaction. It is often associated with the Toyota Production System.

43
Q

7 tools of TQM

A

Flowcharts: Visual representation of a process or system.
Check Sheets: A structured, prepared form for collecting and analyzing data

Histograms: A graph showing the frequency distribution of a set of data.

Pareto Charts: A graph showing the relative frequency or size of problems in descending order of importance.

Scatter Diagrams: A graph used to study the relationship between two variables.

Control Charts: A graph used to track and monitor a process over time.

Cause-and-Effect Diagrams: A chart used to identify and organize possible causes of problems or quality issues.

Continuous Improvement (1 decks)

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