Churchill Unit 2

Question 1

How did Churchill feel about his appointment as PM in 1940?

Answer 1

He understood the great responsibility he would face and the failure or success he may get.

Question 2

List 5challengesthat Churchill faced on 28thMay 1940.

Answer 2

The Dunkirk crisis
Political preasure for peace negotiations
Public and parliament doubt
Limited military resources and planning
A Rapidly Deteriorating Allied Position in Europe

Question 3

What did Lord Halifax attempt to negotiate in his role as foreignsecretaryin May 1940?


Answer 3

Peace terms with nazi Germany

Question 4

What was discussed at the cabinet meeting on 28thMay 1940?


Answer 4

Proposal for Peace Mediation through Italy

Churchill’s Opposition to Negotiation

The Evacuation of Dunkirk

Future of the British Empire

Maintaining Morale and Public Resolve

Question 5

List 4 events following the cabinet meeting 28thMay 1940 (Dunkirk, French surrender, Battle of Britain, victories?)


Answer 5

The Dunkirk Evacuation

The Fall of France

The Battle of Britain

The North African Campaign and Early Victories

Question 6

Describe 4 elements of Churchill’s leadership style.


Answer 6

Strategic
Ruthless
Determined
Inspiring

Question 7

Why did Churchill send military equipment to North Africa in 1940?

Answer 7

Protecting the Suez Canal and Oil Supplies

Defending Against Italian Expansion

Question 8

Why was General Wavell frustrated after Italy andGermanyinvaded Greece in Oct 1940?


Answer 8

Diversion of Resources:

Overstretching British Forces:

Question 9

Why was General Auchinleck sacked Aug 1942?

Answer 9

Disagreements with Churchill over Strategy and Tactics

Question 10

What successes did General Montgomery have in Oct 1942?


Answer 10

Effective Use of Artillery and Air Power:

Decisive Victory at the Second Battle of El Alamein

Question 11

What failures did General Montgomery haveinSept 1944?

Answer 11

Failure to Secure the Arnhem Bridge

Underestimating German Resistance and Defenses

Question 12

What role did Sir Harold Alexander play in Silly and Italy in 1943?

Answer 12

Commander of the 15th Army Group in Sicily (Operation Husky - July 1943)

Question 13

Which British general helped organize British troops inpreparationfor the D-day landings in June 1944?


Answer 13

General Bernard Montgomery

Question 14

What is the Suez Canal and why is it important to Britain?

Answer 14

Strategic Trade Route

Access to Oil

Question 15

List 6 strategic decisions Churchill made during the war in theMediterranean.


Answer 15

Prioritizing the North African Campaign

Sending Aid to Greece in 1941

Invading Sicily (Operation Husky) in

Launching the Italian Campaign

Maintaining Control over Malta

Blocking German Access to Middle Eastern Oil

Question 16

Why was there no invasion of Northern France until 1944?

Answer 16

Worry of loosing to many troops

Insufficient Resources and Preparedness

Question 17

List 3 reasons for ANDagainst the bombing of Germany.


Answer 17

For

Undermining German Military and Industrial Capability

Reducing German Morale

Supporting Allied Ground Forces

Against

Civilian Casualties and Ethical Concerns

Questionable Military Effectiveness

Strengthening German Resolve

Question 18

List 5reconstructionpolicies Churchill’s government made/proposedduring WW2.


Answer 18

Beveridge Report

Education Act 1944

Town and Country Planning Act 1944

Housing Policy and Plans for New Towns

Employment Policy (White Paper on Employment Policy, 1944)

Question 19

List 3 reasons why Churchill’s actions/ misjudgments led him to lose theelationof 1945.

Answer 19

Resistance to Social Reform

Focus on Wartime Leadership, Not Domestic Policy

Negative Campaigning and Missteps

Question 20

List 3 reasons why the Labour party won theelectionof 1945.

Answer 20

Demand for Social and Economic Reform

Labour’s Focus on Reconstruction and Domestic Policy

Widespread Desire for Change