Church History Test 2 Flashcards
One reason Gonzalez emphasizes the refutes the idea Constantine’s conversion to Christianity was just a political ploy is that….?
There was no political advantage to being a Christian in this era. If anything, it was politically risky
One official title directly connected to the old Roman gods that Constantine openly accepted for himself was:
Supreme Pontiff
In 324 Constantine order that all the soldier in the army devote ______ to the worship of the Supreme God.
The First Day of the Week (Day of the Sun)
Another more-or-less religious set of beliefs common during the era of Constantine that he continued to honor on many of the Empire’s coins was the religion of ___?
The Unconquered Sun
The primary thing Constantine did that resulted in a good deal of popularity in Gaul was…?
Insure the barbarians were held at bay
Which of the following cities played and important role in the war between Constantine and Licinius?
Byzantium
Constantine will build a “New Rome.” Another name for this city is ____?
Constantinople
One of the most noticeable changes most ordinary Christians would have noticed during the reign of Constantine was…?
The building of many new, large, and elaborate church buildings
What was presented at the time as the primary reason Constantine launched an invasion into the territory of his former ally, Licinius?
A plot to assassinate Constantine was linked to a relative of Licinius
One way in which the conversion of Constantine was quite different from that of other Christians in the fourth century would be….?
He did not undergo an extended time of teaching (from the Greek word for teaching orally: κατηχέω), something typically done for everyone else.
In critiquing the writings of Eusebius, it is clear that Gonzalez is critical of….?
Ornate church buildings
Eusebius collaborated with Pamphilus to write a five volume defense of what well-known scholar?
Origen
When he writes his Church History, Eusebius clearly writes it with the ultimate goal of…?
Clearing showing that all of history points toward the coming of Christ and Christianity
One reason Gonzalez notes for Eusebius largely overlooking some of Constantine’s most glaring flaws was…?
He was committed to demonstrating that the coming of a Christian emperor demonstrating that all Roman history had been leading toward Christianity
One thing that Gonzalez points out distinguishes Eusebius of Caesarea is that he was … ?
Probably the most learned Christian of his generation
What role or position did Eusebius have in the church at Caesarea?
Bishop
Eusebius often referred to himself as Eusebius of Pamphilus. Why does he does this?
He wanted to honor the name of his teacher and friend, Pamphilus
For most Christians today, the work of Eusebius that would be best known would be his ….?
Church History
How did Eusebius react to the teachings of Arias related to the nature of Christ as God?
He was initially supportive of the teaching
Gonzalez contends that the major thing we should not in the theology of Eusebius is…?
How he redefines and adjusts Christian theology to fit the power and affluence the church experiences within the Christian Roman Empire
What is “cenobitic” (pronounced see-no-bit-ik) monasticism?
Monks who live together in a community with other monks
Two “biographies” (sometimes called hagiographies because they include so many legendary stories) were popular in presenting the lives of two of the early Monks, Paul and Antony. The Life of Antony was written by Athanasius. Who wrote The Life of Paul?
Jerome
One teaching in the New Testament that Gonzalez notes provides one of the foundations of monasticism is the teaching of Paul that ….?
It is better not to get married
Our word chapel, often used to describe a small church building, is rooted in a story about Martin of Tours (St. Martin) doing what?
Giving part of his cloak to a beggar
According to Athanasius’ biography, what scripture passage caused Antony (also spelled Anthony) to give up all his property and wealth?
If you would be perfect, go, sell what you possess, and give to the poor.
The term “anchorite” which will be used to mean a solitary monk is a word that had originally meant…
Withdrawn
Pachomius’ first effort at creating a communal monastic community failed. Those who left told him he was too demanding. How did his second attempt at creating a monastic community differ from his first?
It was even more rigorous
Most of the earliest examples of hermit monks would be associated with what nation/region?
Egypt
What is Monasticism a reaction against?
The affluence and shallowness the begins to infiltrate Christianity with the coming of Constantine
What widespread philosophical outlook in the Roman Empire stressed that true wisdom could only be obtained by overcoming all the passions of the flesh?
Stoicism
What local social conditions does Gonzalez describe that contribute the the schism (division) that we call Donatism?
A large number of the poor, whose labor was essential to the city, saw with the coming of Constantine large number of wealthy aristocrats they deeply resented pouring into the ranks of the church
In the Donatist controversy, some held that not only those who recanted and worshiped other gods in the time of persecution should be considered traitors, but also those who _____?
Handed copies of the scriptures over to the authorities
The Donatist controversy originated with issues surrounding the succession of bishops in what city?
Carthage
Which of the following is a major reason Donatists would reject a particular man as a Bishop or Priest?
Someone who ordained them, or ordained someone who ordained them (etc.) was not a valid Bishop because of their past failings (or, because someone who ordained them had past failings, etc).
Who were the “circumcellion”?
Fanatics who were willing to use violence against those claiming to be Christians who supported compromised or invalid bishops, or who were seen as harboring wealth
Controversy and division over what to do with those who had caved in during a time of persecution, or fallen into some other serious sin, was not new with Donatism. In the third century churches experienced another such schism, primarily led by ____?
Novatian
The Donatist controversy comes from the word “Donatus.” Why?
Donatus is a man many who favored rigorous Christianity recognized as their rightful Bishop
The central issue that surrounded the Donatists controversy was related to ….?
The restoration of those who had renounced their faith during a time of persecution
Although he was a young man and only a Deacon assisting the Bishop of Alexandria, what important person in the history of the development of the doctrine of the Trinity was present at Nicea?
Athanasius
The gathering of church leaders at the seacoast town of Nicea in 325 CE is often referred to by church historians as…
The First Ecumenical Council
Gonzalez notes that many leaders and intellectuals in the ancient church had made use of some concepts and thoughts used by philosophers. In doing that, how did they come to think of the “Logos”?
God is unchanging and transcendent above all things. The Logo is capable of direct interaction with people. Anytime God spoke, then, it was the Logos of God speaking.
When describing the council of Nicea in his Life of Constantine, when does Eusebius say that the Bishop of Rome did not attend the council.
Because of how old he was
The conclusion of the Council of Nicea did not fully settle all issues. In general terms, what happened over the next several years after Nicea that causes Athanasius to be exiled, then returned, then exiled again, and then returned again?
Disputes and wars between the sons of Constantine, some of whom are pro-Arian and others are more favorably inclined toward the results of Nicea and so would be pro-Athanasius
What did Arius do in response to be being removed from all his posts and roles in the church by the Bishop of Alexandria?
He did not recognize the removal and appealed for support both to the local population and to other regional bishops.
The primary emphasis of the creed to come out of the Council of Nicea was to categorically state:
That Jesus Christ, the Logos is uncreated, had no beginning and shares the nature of God
At the Council of Nicea, when Eusebius of Nicomedia (not the same person as the church historian Eusebius) presented the views he wished the Council to affirm, what caused others to stand up and angrily shout, “You lie!”
Determined to present the view of Arius as strongly as possible, he asserted that Jesus, the Son of God, was no more the a creature, no matter how high a creature, created by God.
The teachings of Arius first brought him into conflict with what bishop?
Alexander of Alexandria
Gonzalez would seem to suggest that the thing in the controversy that got the Emperor’s attention was….?
Civil disorder and unrest in the city of Alexandria
