Cht 8 Flashcards
Metabolism
The collection of chemical reactions that happen in an organism.
Energy is constantly being traded between molecules as they break down and build up.
Catabolic pathways
Breaking down molecules.
Releasing energy.
Anabolic pathways
Building molecules.
Consuming/requiring energy.
Energy
The capacity to do work.
Requires the body to transform energy from one form to another
Potential energy
Stored energy that is the result of the position of an object.
NOT MOVING.
POSITION.
Kinetic energy
Energy of motion that results in work.
MOTION.
Thermal energy
HEAT.
Random motion of atoms and molecules
The first law thermodynamics
Conservation of energy.
Energy is neither created or destroyed, it only changes form.
Second law of thermodynamics
Increasing entropy.
All natural processes proceed in the direction of increasing entropy (disorder), unless energy is expanded to prevent entropy.
Exergonic reaction
Chemical reactions within the cell RELEASE energy.
Endergonic reaction
Chemical reaction within the cell CAPTURE energy.
Coupled reactions
Exergonic reactions provide the energy for endergonic reactions
What is an ENZYME?
A class of PROTEIN CATALYSTS that LOWER THE ACTIVATION ENERGY needed to get a chemical reaction going in cells. Occurs quickly at normal body temps. Each has its own TEMP AND pH so it functions most efficiently.
What is an enzyme consist of?
3-dimensional and have an ACTIVE SITE to which the SUBSTRATES bind to allow the reaction to occur.
Each enzyme has a specific function. (Lock and key)
Can enzymes be recycled?
Yes. Enzymes are NOT ALTERED by the chemical reaction
