CHT

Question 1

Paronychia

Answer 1

Infection of the nailbed

Question 2

Koilonchia

Answer 2

Abnormal shaped fingernail

Question 3

Normal ROM of the wrist and function ROM

Answer 3

Normal: approx 60 ext, 75 flexion, 15 radial deviation, 40 ulnar deviation
Functional:40 flexion, 40 extension, 40 radial and ulnar deviation

Question 4

Which are the most common fractured carpal bone?

Answer 4

Scaphoid then trapezium

Question 5

What is Kienbock disease?

Answer 5

idiopathic avascular of the lunate. Requires prompt intervention before progression of lunate deterioration and carpal collapse

Question 6

Merkle Cell

Answer 6

Epidermis cell, specialized mechanoreceptor that provides information on light touch

Question 7

Langerhan Cell

Answer 7

Located in the deeper layer of the epidermis and is the first line of defense against environmental antigens to fight off infection

Question 8

Name the 5 layers of Epidermis (from superficial to deep)

Answer 8

Stratum Corneum, Stratum Lucidum, Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Germinativum/Basale

Question 9

5 types of Exudate

Answer 9

1. Serous: clear, transparent, watery, plasma
2. Sanguineous: active red bleeding, blood serum
3. Serosanguineous: thin, watery blood and serum
4. Seropurulent: thin watery, cloudy, yellow-tan
5. Purulent/pus: thick, opaque, yellow, tan, green or brown

Question 10

Tendinopathy

Answer 10

Swelling or thickening of the tendon, synovial fluid, or the sheath

Question 11

De Quervain’s

Answer 11

Stenosis of the first dorsal compartment of the wrist involving the extensor pollicis brevis (EPB) and the abductor pollicis longus (APL)

Question 12

Intersection syndrome

Answer 12

Tenosynovitis of the second dorsal compartment involving the tendons of the extensor carpi radialis brevis and extensor carpi radialis longus as they pass deep to the muscle bellies of the APL and EPB

Question 13

Extensor pollicis longus (EPL) tendinopathy

Answer 13

Tendinopathy of the third compartment. common for RA, direct injury, and radius fx

Question 14

Extensor indices proprius (EIP) tendinopathy

Answer 14

Tendinopathy of the 4th compartment: stenosis of an abnormally hypertrophic muscle belly within the extensor retinaculum

Question 15

Extensor digitorum communis (EDC) tendinopathy

Answer 15

4th compartment: stenosis is often seen in the index and small finger because they are angulated at the edge of the extensor retinaculum

Question 16

Extensor digiti minimi (EDM) tendinopathy

Answer 16

5th: swelling and pain distal to the ulnar head

Question 17

Extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) tendinopathy

Answer 17

6th dorsal compartment: the floor of the ECU sheath forms a part of the TFCC and stabilizes the distal radioulnar joint. Caused by recurrent subluxation of the ECU tendon with abrupt twisting injuries

Question 18

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (FCU) tendinopathy

Answer 18

Pain and swelling proximal to the pisiform and exacerbated by wrist flexion and ulnar deviation. Most commonly involved wrist flexor tendon

Question 19

Flexor carpi radialis (FCR) tendinopathy

Answer 19

Stenosis of the fibro-osseous tunnel with painful radial deviation of the wrist. Common coexists with fx or thumb CMC arthritis

Question 20

Trigger finger

Answer 20

Pathological thickening of the sheath of the flexor tendon and/or swelling of the tendon itself at the A1 pulley. Most common in the thumb, ring, and middle