Cht. 1: The Science of Psychology (Q. 1-5h) Flashcards
What is the definition of psychology?
The scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
Define science:
The use of systematic methods to observe the natural world, including behavior, and drawing conclusions.
Define behavior:
Everything we do that can be directly observed.
Define mental processes:
Thoughts, feelings, and motives that people experience but that cannot be directly observed.
Who is Wilhelm Wundt?
Father of Psychology; established the first Psychology lab.
Who is William James?
Father of American Psychology; introduced functionalism.
What is Structuralism?
Deals with the structure of the mind.
What is Functionalism?
Focuses on the function of psychological elements.
Biological/Neuroscience Research
Examines the biological basis of behavior, such as how the brain and nervous system influence thoughts, emotions, and actions.
Behavioral Research
Concerned with overt, observable behavior.
Psychodynamic Research
Studies how unconscious psychological processes influence behavior, emotions, and personality.
Who is Sigmund Freud?
Introduced Psychoanalysis, put psychology on the road to popularity.
Humanistic Research
Focuses on psychological health, growth, and satisfying needs.
Cognitive Research
Investigates how we perceive, process, and remember information.
Evolutionary Research
Views psychological processes through natural selection - traits ensuring survival pass through generations.
Sociocultural Research
Studies social interactions, cultural practices, and social norms.
Define culture:
Shared beliefs, values, norms, and customs.
Biopsychosocial Research
Inquires how brain activity is linked with psychological processes.
