Chronic leukaemias

Question 1

which is the most commn leukaemia (out of all of them)

Answer 1

cll

Question 2

sx CLL

Answer 2

often none. routine finding on FBC
may be anaemic
if severe: seight loss, sweats
recurrent infection

may have splenomegaly

Question 3

fbc on CLL

Answer 3

wcc >15x10^9. 40% of which are lymphocytes

may have low hb, nutrophils and platelets due to marrow infiltration

Question 4

rx CLL

Answer 4

30% never require intervention

may need chemo, monoclonal antibodies (rituximab), bone marrow transplant

Question 5

which one has the philadelphia chromosoame

Answer 5

CML

Question 6

cml = ncontrolled proliferation of what cells

Answer 6

myeloid -> monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils
so basically just not lymphocytes…

Question 7

symptoms of cml

Answer 7

chronic and insidious
weight loss, fatigue, fever, sweats
massive splenomegaly, heaptomegaly, anaemia, bleeding

Question 8

fbc in CML

Answer 8

v high WCC (all myeloid cells)

hb and platelets low or normal

Question 9

3 phases of CML

Answer 9

1. chronic phase (years) - few/no sx
2. accelarate phase: increased symptoms and spleen size
3. blast transformation: change to acute leukaemia (75% myeloid, 5% lyphoid)_

Question 10

rx CML

Answer 10

transformed by the advent of imatinib!

allogeneic haemopoietic stem cell transplatnation if inadequate response