Chronic Kidney disease

Question 1

In CKD, secondary hyperparathyroidism is a product of what two mechanisms?

Answer 1

Phosphate retention & Vitamin-D Deficiency (which leads to low calcium)

Question 2

What can you give to treat anemia in CKD?

Answer 2

Erythropoietin, Iron supplementation

Question 3

What causes anemia in CKD?

Answer 3

Decreased erythropoietin

Question 4

What are the two goals of managing CKD?

Answer 4

prevent progression and complications

Question 5

What is the blood pressure goal in CKD?

Answer 5

130/80 lower on both systole and diastole

Question 6

In CKD, what two drug classes can be used to prevent progression of hypertension and proteinuria?

Answer 6

ACE inhibitors and ARB blockers

Question 7

Calcium and 1,25-Vitamin D supplementation can be given in CKD to protect against what?

Answer 7

Mineral Bone Density Disorders (from secondary hyperparathyroidism)

Question 8

How do you treat secondary hyperparathyroidism?

Answer 8

Phosphate binders (sevelamer) and calcimimetics (cinacalcet)

Question 9

Initially, what medication class can be used to stimulate the nephron to counter volume overload in CKD?

Answer 9

Loop Diuretics, furosemide