Chronic Kidney Disease Flashcards
Patients with CKD are most likely to die of…
Cardiovascular Disease
High risk groups that should be screened for CKD include
Patients with a family history of CKD
Diabetics
HTN
Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection
Why is GFR preferred to Creatinine for determining Chronic Kidney Failure
Creatinine values can vary a lot based on baseline level of muscle
Which patients might you assess kidney function with a 24 hour urine collection
Pregnant Women
Patients with extreme age/weight
Malnutrition Patients/Skeletal Muscle Diseases
Vegetarian Diet + Rapidly Changing Fxn
Most common cause of CKD
Diabetes Mellitus
CKD screening should include…
Urine Test for Proteinuria
Blood Test for Creatinine to estimate GFR
No need to test more than once/year
Role of Renal US in chronic kidney disease
Document the size of the kidneys, estimate prognosis
Normal – Treatable
Small – Irreversible Fibrosis
Asymmetry – Renovascular Disease
Rate of progression of chronic kidney disease depends on cause. Examples of cuases that progress faster than tubulointerstitial disease.
Glomerular Disease (Diabetic, Hypertensive nephropathy) Polycystic Kidney Disease
Three interventions have been proved the progresion of kidney disease
BP control
Glycemic Control
Reduction of Proteinuria w/ ACE inhibitor or ARB
Complications associated with CKD
Electrolyte Abnormalities
Disordered Ca or P metabolism
Anemia
Secondary parathyroidism occurs when..
the parathyroid glands are chronically stimulated to release parathyroid hormone
Effects of CKD-MBD
Fractures, Bone Pain, Deformities
Vascular Calcification an CV Disease
Mortality
An elevated ______ is an important risk factor for the development of calcification and CV mortality in CKD patient
Phosphate Level
Factors associated with CV disease in CKD
- Disorders of Ca and P metabolism
Abnormal Bone Turnover
Treatment of ROD (causes medial calcifications)
Potential consequences of anemia?
Cognitive Impairment
Angina
Cardiorenal Anemia Syndrome
