Chronic Kidney Disease

Question 1

What is CKD?

Answer 1

the progression of ongoing loss of kidney function (GFR). Gfr is less than 60 OR presence of kidney damage (proteinuria, GN, or PKD) for > 3 months

Question 2

What is the break down of the GFR for each stage of CKD?

Answer 2

1- >90
2- 60-89
3- 30-59
4- 15-29
5- <15

Question 3

When do patients typically see a change in serum Cr and BUN?

Answer 3

Stage 3

Question 4

When do symptoms typically present in CKD?

Answer 4

Stage 4 with anemia and acidosis

Question 5

What are the most common causes of CKD?

Answer 5

DM, HTN, GN and PKD

Question 6

What are the physical exam signs of CKD?

Answer 6

Cachexia, weight loss, muscle wasting, pallor and HTN

Question 7

What is the diagnostic test for CKD?

Answer 7

GFR

Question 8

What in a UA is a marker for kidney disease?

Answer 8

proteinuria

Question 9

What are the laboratory findings for CKD?

Answer 9

Proteinuria, BUN and Cr elevated, Serum biomarker cystatin C is elevated.

Question 10

How do we treat CKD?

Answer 10

Treatment is aimed at slowing the progression of CKD and treating reversible causes of acute deterioration.

ACE inhibitors and ARBs slow the progression of renal dysfunction and help with HTN and proteinuria.

Question 11

What is a common associated symptom of CKD that can pose a huge risk?

Answer 11

Anemia is common in CKD and is associated with increased CVD risk as well as accelerated CKD progression.

CVD is the primary cause of death in patients with CKD

Question 12

What is the mainstay therapy for CKD?

Answer 12

chronic hemodialysis