Chronic Kidney Disease Flashcards
What is the definition of CKD?
What is metabolic syndrome?
What is the incidence of CKD in the population over 45yoa.
1 in 5
What % of patients with ESKD have a renal transplant?
50%
What are the RFs for CKD?
What are the causes of CKD?
What are the causes of rapid and slow glomerulonephritis?
What are the symptoms of CKD?
Why does CKD cause mineral bone disease?
List the ddx for CKD.
What would you expect on general and closer inspection of a CKD case?
If transplant - look for features of chronic steroid use and immunosuppression (recurrent infection, BCC/SCC)
What would you expect on palpation, percussion and auscultation of a CKD case?
What special tests would you offer for a CKD case? (physical exam)
What are all the exam findings of CKD?
What are all the exam findings of an AKI in a CKD patient?
Identify this device
What are the complications of steroid use?
What does this image show?
PD catheter
What are the diagnostic investigations for CKD?
What are ALL the investigations for CKD?
How would you grade CKD?
What is the conservative/preventative management of CKD?
Describe the medical management of CKD. (not including RRT)
Describe the treatment of chronic hyperkalaemia.
Describe the treatment of acute hyperkalaemia.
What are the indications for RRT?
WHat are the contraindications for RRT?
What are the types of RRT?
Haemodialysis
Peritoneal dialysis
Transplant
Answer the following questions on:
Haemodialysis
1. Location where dialysis occurs?
2. Outline the treatment regime (length of treatment).
3. Describe the access needed.
Answer the following questions on:
Haemodialysis
- What are the types of dialysis?
- What are the 3 processes / steps involved in intermittent haemodialysis - explain them?
- Intermittent
- Continuous
What is the indication for continuous haemodialysis? What type of access is used?
What questions would you ask about dialysis in a patient history?
What are the locations of possible AV fistulae?
What are the complications of an AV fistula?
Answer the following questions on:
Peritoneal Dialysis
- Location where dialysis occurs?
- Outline the treatment regime (length of treatment).
- Describe the access needed.
WHat are the complications of peritoneal dialysis?
What are the top 4 causes of ESKD necessitating a transplant?
HTN
DM
Glomerulonephritis
Congenital abnormalities
What is the criteria for being put on the waiting list for a renal transplant?
+ patient choice
How long do living vs deceased donor kidneys last? What are the types of living and deceased donors?
What is a heterotrophic vs autotrophic transplant? Give examples of each.
Heterotrophic Transplant: The organ or tissue is placed in a different location from its original site. (Kidney)
Autotrophic Transplant: The organ or tissue is placed in its original location or a similar site. (lung, liver)
What are the contraindications of a renal transplant?
What is the process of getting a renal transplant including the surgery?
What is involved in the workup of a patient before transplant?
+ endocrine, PTH, HbA1c and TFTs, Serology - HIV, CMV, EBV etc
What medications and dose do patients receive before transplant?
What meds are given to post-transplant patients?
What are the SEs of tacrolimus?
nephrotoxicity
alopecia
HTN
DM
pruritus
What are the SEs of cyclosporin?
hirsutism
gingival hyperplasia
DM
HTN
nephrotoxicity
What are the SEs of azathioprine?
BM suppression
hepatitis
pneumonitis
What are the SEs of mycophenolate?
BM suppression
GI toxicity
diarrhoea
What are the complications of renal transplant?
What are the 3 types of renal transplant rejection? What are the immunity cells involved in each?
How would you screen and diagnose renal transplant rejection? What is the Tx?
hyperacute must be removed
