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Chronic & Palliative Care > Chronic Illness > Flashcards

Chronic Illness Flashcards

1
Q

% of Canadiens living with chronic illness?

A

33% (1/3)

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2
Q

62% of death is due to: (4)

A

COPD, Diabetes, Cancer and Heart disease

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3
Q

People with comorbidities greater risk of?

A

a. Adverse health outcomes
b. Higher hospitalization
c. Higher health care needs

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4
Q

Highest palliative care cost is in which setting?

A

Acute care settings

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5
Q

Phase of Illness:

A
  1. Crisis
  2. Chronic (long-haul–> is really long, it depend)
  3. Terminal
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6
Q

Distinguishing Chronic disease vs Chronic Illness? Chronic Disease:

A
  • Long duration and generally of slow progression.
  • No definite cure
  • Gradual change over time
  • Asynchronous evolution
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7
Q

Distinguishing Chronic disease vs Chronic Illness? Chronic illness:

A
  • Lived experience of long-term disturbance, symptoms, condition or disorders
  • How people cope with it
  • Includes phenomena such as fatigue, pain, confusion, and/or stigma
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8
Q

Contributing factors:

A

Non-modificable risk factors (eg. genetic)
Behavioral risk factors (eg. smoking, diet)
Cultural and environmental condition (eg. work environment)

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9
Q

Intermediate condition leading to disease endpoints:

A

HBP
Hyperlipidemia
Obesity
Pre-diabetes

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10
Q

% of Canadians aged 20 and older currently have a chronic disease?

A

60%

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11
Q

Wagner’s Chronic Care Model, the 6 keys elements:

A
  1. Delivery System Design: how primary health care is organized
  2. Decisional Support
  3. Clinical Information Systems: innovative ways to store and access patient information
  4. Community Ressources and Policies (eg. existing self-management program within the community)
  5. Health Care Organization: from a reactive to a proactive system
  6. Self-Management
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12
Q

To have the best functional and clinical outcomes, as the Wagner’s Chronic Care Model is presented, the 6 keys elements need to be related to and interacting with:

A
  1. Informed, activated patient (if the patient is not motivated, they fell worse than people that are active)
  2. Prepared, proactive active team
    (BOTH together –> to have a productive interaction)
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13
Q

The Expanded Chronic Care Model is

A
  • Wagner + Alma Ata
  • Include build healthy policy, create supportive environments, strengthen community action, develop personal skills and Reorient health services.
  • Population Health Outcomes/functional and clinical outcomes
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14
Q

The chronic Illness Measurement framework is

A
  • Framework to improve the chronic illness experience across the illness trajectory.
  • Autor: Loiselle
  • Include 4 perspectives: Patient perspective, family perspective, patient/family shared perspective, interactions with the healthcare system
  • We often forget certain aspect of chronic illness (eg. pt with cancer could be okay but bc of healthcare system, get worried bc do not receive his result)
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15
Q

The chronic Illness Measurement framework: The Patient Experience

A

Patient-reported outcomes

Patient engagement/activation

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16
Q

The chronic Illness Measurement framework: The Family Experience

A

(how the family is resilient, how they reacting to this situation)
Family-reported outcomes
Family engagement/activation

17
Q

The chronic Illness Measurement framework: The Patient/Family Experience

A

(Relation of empowerment, how well they feel they are equipped)
Pt/Family reported outcomes
Pt/Family engagement/activation

18
Q

The Family Systems-Illness Model is

A

Look at the family system model perspective (values/paradigm, transgenerational/history/illness/loss/crisis, affective style, development individually or as family, instrumental style such as cohesion, adaptability, communication)
Autor: Rolland

19
Q

Difference between the Family Systems-Illness Model of Rolland and the Chronic Illness Measurement framework of Loiselle?

A

Rolland have look at the family system model perspective and Loiselle improving patient experience.

20
Q

The Chronic Illness Measurement framework: Interactions with the Health Care System

A

Structure, care processes, utilization and access, and satisfaction

21
Q

Self-management Models in Chronic Illness:

A
  • Stanford’s Chronic Disease Self Management Program (CDSMP) developed by Kate Lorig.
  • Improved self-efficacy, reduced pain and fatigue, enhanced positive health behaviors.
22
Q

The Patient Activation Measure (PAM): 4 levels

A

Level 1: Disengaged and overwhelmed
Level 2: Becoming aware, but still struggling
Level 3: Taking Action
Level 4: Maintaining behaviors and pushing further

23
Q

Level 1: Disengaged and overwhelmed

A
  • Individuals are passive and lack confidence.
  • Knowledge is low, goal-orientation is weak, and adherence is poor.
  • Their perspective: Doctor is in charge of my health.
24
Q

Level 2: Becoming aware, but still struggling

A
  • Individuals have some knowledge, but large gaps remain.
  • They believe health is largely out of their control, but can set simple goals.
  • Their perspective: I could be doing more.
25
Q

Level 3: Taking Action

A
  • Individuals have the key facts and are building self-management skills.
  • They strive for best practice behaviors, and are goals-oriented.
  • Their perspective: I’m part of my health care team
  • eg. I will exercise to lower my blood sugar.
26
Q

Stanford program and others program for chronic disease depend on:

A

Where they are, they are different between provinces, between country.

27
Q

Wagner’s Chronic Care Model is

A
  • Wagner argue that many chronically sick patients are not receiving adequate long-term care
  • This type of primary care needs to be redesigned to cope with long-term, incurable conditions.
  • Wagner’s revision aimed to support patients in self-management of their condition by enhancing their own skills; this required engaging a broader team that includes links with community care agencies, tracking systems to monitor patient progress, and delegation of the central organizational role from physician to a case manager.
28
Q

Innovation in Chronic Illness:

A 
E-health (internet heath)
M-Health (mobil health)
Connected health (both E-health and M-health)

Chronic & Palliative Care (12 decks)

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