Chronic Disease Management Flashcards
What account for nearly 48% of all deaths?
heart disease and cancer
more than ____ of adults are obese
1/3
What are the four modifiable risk behaviors (which are responsible for much of the illness, suffering & early death from chronic diseases)
- lack of physical activity 2. poor nutrition 3. tobacco use 4. excessive alcohol consumption
____% of healthcare costs in US go to tx of chronic disease?
75%
Chronic disease can be largely managed by what?
patient knowledge and behavior change
Differences b/t acute vs. chronic illness
Acute- rapid, one cause, short duration, decisive diagnostics Chronic- gradual onset, many causes and indefinite duration
erratic adherence
failure to follow treatment because it’s difficult and/or lifestyle disruptions interfere with regimen
Unwitting non-adherence
believe that they are complying but fail because of language & cultural barriers, cognitive impairment, lack of knowledge, etc
Intentional non-adherence
clear decision to alter/stop tx
Top 4 causes of death in Virginia
Heart disease, cancer, chronic lower respiratory disease, stroke
What is Healthy People 20/20
National health objectives designed to identify the most significant preventable threats to health and to reduce these threats (many are chronic diseases) -ID preventable threats -reduce them
Goals for Heart Disease and Stroke
prevention, detection, treatment of risk factors -early identification and prevention once it occurs
The leading modifiable/controllable risk factors for heart disease and stroke are…
high BP, high chol, smoking, diabetes, poor diet, overweight/obesity
Goals for Diabetes
Reduce disease and economic burden of DM and improve quality of life
Obesity Goals
promote health and reduce chronic disease through healthy diet and achieving/maintaining healthy body weights
Overweight/obesity increases risk for:
high bp, coronary heart disease, diabetes, stroke
Goals for cancer
reduce new cases and illness/death caused by it
risk factors to reduce for cancer
-tobacco -physical inactivity/poor nutrition -obesity -UV light exposure
Goals for resp. disorders
prevent, detect, treat to promote better respiratory health
examples of some chronic resp disorders that are public health burdens
-asthma -COPD (VERY preventable b/c caused by smoking) -obstructive sleep apnea
Risk factors (in general I guess?)
-unhealthy diet -physical inactivity -tobacco -overweight -not screening
What is disease management?
system of coordinated health care interventions and communications for populations with conditions in which patients self-care efforts are significant
What are Stanford Self-Management Programs
-self-management programs for people with chronic health problems -small group workshops -peers teach each other -highly interactive, focus on building skills, sharing experiences & support -arthritis, chronic disease, HIV, diabetes
What is the essential element of successful chronic disease management?
success= fostering a pt.-centered partnership b/t the patient and healthcare team -a prepared practice team and informed/activated patient foster productive interactions
