Chronic Diarrhea Flashcards

1
Q

What are the differences between small and large bowel diarrhea?

A

Small- Large or normal volume, normal or increased frequency, flatulence, melena (tarry black), weight loss, vomiting may occur

large- small volume, increased frequency, mucus in feces, hematochezia (frank red), tenesmus, pain or urgency, uncommon to see weight loss

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2
Q

What is lymphangectasia?

A

Lactils of the bowel rupture and leakage of protein-rich fluid into the lumen. Lymph causes local tissue inflammation. Leads to poor absorption. Can be split into primary (breed predisposition) or secondary (anything that causes inflammatory infiltration)

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3
Q

What are common parasites that cause chronic SBD?

A

Giardia, roundworms, hookworms

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4
Q

What does a protein losing enteropathy look like on CBC

A

Low total protein due to low albumin and globulins (not lost with a protein-losing nephropathy)

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5
Q

What does exocrine pancreatic insufficiency diarrhea look like?

A

Has a classic fatty appearance. The animal is usually very hungry due to malabsorption.

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6
Q

What is the unfortunate thing about diagnosing primary lymphangiectasia?

A

its a diagnosis of exclusion. So need to do a dewormer trial and test cortisol for hypoadrenocorticism as well as test for EPI

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7
Q

What will you see on an ultrasound for Lymphangiectasia?

A

In the duodenum, you can see little granules that are suspect for lacteal dilation. Can confirm this on Histo

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8
Q

What breeds are predisposed to primary intestinal lymphangiectasia?

A

Soft coated wheaten terrier
Norwegian lundehund
Yorkshire terrier
Maltese
Shar-pei

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9
Q

What are the common secondary causes of intestinal lymphangiectasia?

A

Neoplasia
Inflammation (IBD, parasites, food allergies)

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10
Q

What are some consequences of PLE?

A

Thromboembolic disease- pulmonary and portal vein. If severe PLE should put on anti coag med
Vitamin deficiencies and malnutrition
Poor oncotic pressure

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11
Q

How do you treat Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia?

A

Strict prescription low fat died long-term
if does not respond totally to diet can consider prednisone.

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12
Q

How do you treat secondary intestinal lymphangiectasia?

A

Treat underlying cause
Low fat diet is used concurrently

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13
Q

What large bowel diarrhea disease is common in young boxers and Frenchies?

A

Histiocytic ulcerative colitis

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