Chromosomes

Question 1

Definition of a haploid

Answer 1

single set of unpaired chromosomes
- gametes (sperm and ovum) are haploid cells

Question 2

Definition of diploid

Answer 2

two complete cells sets of chromosomes, one from each parent
- all body cells except gametes are diploid cells
- cells which produce gametes are also diploid cells

Question 3

What are chromosomes?

Answer 3

1. Chromosomes are thread-like structures contained in the nucleus of a cell
2. A chromosome is a single DNA molecule that is tightly packed
3. A chromosome can exist as a single chromatid or as two sister chromatids
   - DNA replication causes a chromosome with a single chromatid to then consist of two sister chromatids
   - sister chromatids are identical (physically and genetically)