CHROMATOGRAPHY

Question 1

• used for separating ORGANIC and INORGANIC compounds for further analysis

Answer 1

CHROMATOGRAPHY

Question 2

CHROMATOGRAPHY

GREEK words

Answer 2

khroma - color
graphein - to write

Question 3

CHROMATOGRAPHY

invented by Russian botanist ____

Answer 3

Mikhail Semyonovich Tsvet

Question 4

CHROMATOGRAPHY

STATIONARY phase

Answer 4

SOLID / LIQUID (e.g. paper)

Question 5

CHROMATOGRAPHY

MOBILE phase

Answer 5

LIQUID / GAS (solvent)

Question 6

• separate and identify the different components of an ORGANIC DYE MIXTURE

Answer 6

THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY

Question 7

TLC

• ADsorbent layer
• sheet of glass/plastic/aluminum foil coated with adsorbent (usually silica gel)

Answer 7

STATIONARY PHASE

Question 8

TLC

usual adsorbent

Answer 8

silica gel

Question 9

TLC

• solvent micture drawn up the plate via capillary action

Answer 9

MOBILE phase

Question 10

TLC

DYES USED

Answer 10

Bromcresol green
Methylene blue
Methyl orange
Methyl red
Gentian violet

Question 11

TLC

SOLVENT SYSTEM

Answer 11

Chloroform-ethanol

Question 12

TLC

• Beaker + Watch glass
• contains a portion os solvent system

Answer 12

TLC CHAMBER

Question 13

TLC

TLC PLATE dimensions

Answer 13

5 cm x 20 cm

Question 14

TLC

BASELINE

Answer 14

1cm from the bottom, above the solvent level

Question 15

TLC

DIAMETER SPOT

Answer 15

1-2mm

Question 16

TLC

STATIONARY PHASE

Answer 16

TLC PLATE

Question 17

TLC

MOBILE PHASE

Answer 17

chloroform-ethanol

Question 18

FORMULA

Rf value

Answer 18

substance / solvent

Question 19

TLC

the EXTENT of SEPARATION is measured by ____

Answer 19

retention factor

Question 20

TLC

Rf value depends on the ____ and ____ of the components of the sample

Answer 20

relative solubility & adsorptive properties

Question 21

TLC

stationary phase is MORE POLAR than mobile phase

Answer 21

NORMAL PHASE CHROMA

Question 22

TLC

stationary phase is LESS POLAR than mobile phase

Answer 22

REVERSE PHASE CHROMA

Question 23

MOST COMMONLY USED chromatographic technique to determine DRUGS in pharmaceutical preparations and in biological material

Answer 23

HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMA
HPLC

Question 24

HPLC

MOBILE phase is pumped through the ____

Answer 24

column

Question 25

# **HPLC** components ____ from the column at **DIFFERENT RATES** and are **separated**

Answer 25

ELUTE

Question 26

# **HPLC** PUMP: **pressure**

Answer 26

4000 psi

Question 27

# **HPLC** PUMP: **flow rate**

Answer 27

10mL/min

Question 28

# **HPLC** * volume between **1-200 uL** * **20uL** is **often** used

Answer 28

LOOP INJECTOR

Question 29

# **HPLC** **stainless steel tube** packed with **octadecylsilane-coated (ODS-coated) silica gel**

Answer 29

column

Question 30

# **HPLC** DETECTOR

Answer 30

UV/VIS spectrophotometer

Question 31

# **HPLC** ____ is **FORCED THROUGH** a column packed with material that retards the analyte

Answer 31

MOBILE PHASE (liquid)

Question 32

# **HPLC** the ____ are **INJECTED** into the **flow** of mobile phase just in front of the separation column

Answer 32

ANALYTE

Question 33

# **HPLC** **MOBILE** phase: polar or nonpolar

Answer 33

nonpolar

Question 34

# **HPLC** **STATIONARY** phase: polar or nonpolar

Answer 34

polar hydrophilic

Question 35

# **HPLC** when the pumping system delivers a **mobile phase** with a **CONSTANT COMPOSITION** to the column

Answer 35

ISOCRATIC ELUTION

Question 36

# **HPLC** * the **CHANGE** of composition of the mobile phase during chromag * used to separate samples containing compounds with **LARGE DIFFERENCES IN RETENTION**

Answer 36

GRADIENT ELUTION

Question 37

# **HPLC** * influences the **detection SENSITIVITY** and **separation SELECTIVITY** in gradient elution * determines the **QUANTITY of ANALYTE** that can be loaded into the column

Answer 37

INTERNIAL DIAMETER OF HPLC COLUMN

Question 38

# **INTERNAL DIAMETER OF HPLC COLUMN** influences the **detection** ____ and **separation** ____ in gradient elution

Answer 38

sensitivity & selectivityy

Question 39

# **INTERNAL DIAMETER OF HPLC COLUMN** * **HIGHER sensitivity** * **LOWER solvent consumption** * **LOWER loading capacity**

Answer 39

LOW ID

Question 40

# **INTERNAL DIAMETER OF HPLC COLUMN** * **10mm** * **INDUSTRIAL** use * **HIGHER loading**

Answer 40

LARGE ID

Question 41

# **INTERNAL DIAMETER OF HPLC COLUMN** * **4.6mm** * **MOST COMMON** * paired with **UV/VIS** detector

Answer 41

ANALYTICAL SCALE

Question 42

# **INTERNAL DIAMETER OF HPLC COLUMN** * **1-2mm** * **HIGHER sensitivity** * for **LC-MS**

Answer 42

NARROW BORE

Question 43

# **INTERNAL DIAMETER OF HPLC COLUMN** * **under 0.3mm** * for **ALTERNATIVE DETECTION** means like MS * made from **FUSED SILICA** instead of stainless steel

Answer 43

CAPILLARY

Question 44

# **INTERNAL DIAMETER OF HPLC COLUMN** CAPILLARY: made from

Answer 44

fused silica

Question 45

# **HPLC** HPLC with ____ provides accurate, precise, and robust methods for the **QUANTITATIVE determination** of drugs in pharmaceutical preparations

Answer 45

UV DETECTION

Question 46

# **HPLC** HPLC is **very suitable** for ____ of drug substances and drugs in drug preparations and for **QUANTIFYING DECOMPOSITION**

Answer 46

MONITORING THE STABILITY

Question 47

# **HPLC** HPLC is **very well suited** for the determination of drugs and their **metabolites** in ____

Answer 47

BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL