Christology Flashcards by Jason Pool

Christology

Study of the Son, the second person in the Trinity.

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Ontological Christology

Discusses the nature and being of Christ.

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Functional Christology

Discusses the function of Christ.

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Ecumenical Council

Global council where Christians from every country come together.

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Council of Nicaea

Ecumenical council to decide whether Jesus is Creator or creature. Determined that Jesus is Creator God and should be worshipped as such.

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Monarchianism

WRONG! Emphasizes the “one-ness” of the Trinity to the neglect of the “three-ness.”

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Modalism / Sabellianism

WRONG! Under the umbrella of Monarchianism and says that there is one substance but also only one person of the Trinity that can manifest himself in three modes.

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Adoptionism

WRONG! Says Jesus is not coeternal with the Father because God adopts Jesus into the Trinity during Jesus’ baptism.

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Arius

Arius was the most influential theologian of his time. He wrote for the masses, not just other scholars.

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Alexander of Alexandria

Bishop of Alexandria. Said that Arius was wrong: argued that Jesus is Creator. Only wrote academically - for other theologians.

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Athanasius of Alexandria

Alexander’s secretary. Took over as the bishop of Alexandria. Wrote books called “Against the Arian” and “On the Incarnation” for the masses.

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Homoiousia

Similar substance.

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Homoousia

Same substance.

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The Nicene Creed

Conclusions of the Council of Nicaea, written in one paragraph.

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The Council of Chalcedon

Met to determine what it means for Jesus to be human.

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Monophysites

WRONG! Combines Jesus’ divine and human natures into one.

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Eutycheism

WRONG! Two segments: swallowed (divine nature swallows human nature) and tertium quid (third thing).

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Hypostatic Union

One person that exists in two natures that remain distinct.

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The Chalcedonian Creed

The conclusions of the council of Chalcedon. Confirmed hypostatic union.

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Eternal Modes of Subsistence / Eternal Relation of Origin

The ONLY thing that distinguishes the persons of the godhead.

The Father - unbegotten
The Son - eternally generated
The Spirit - eternally spirated

Eternal Generation of the Son

“From all eternity, the Father communicates the one, simple, undivided, divine essence to the Son.” - Matthew Barrett.

Inseparable Operations

1 Nature = 1 Will = 1 Operation. There is only one operation within the Trinity.

Appropriation

When the Trinity wants something, it wants something as one and operates as one. Particular works within the operation of the Trinity may be given to a particular person of the Trinity.

Eternal Functional Subordination / Eternal Relations of Authority and Submission

WRONG! Argues that Jesus is eternally subordinate to the Father in his (Jesus’) function. Agrees with Homoousia, but says that the Son is eternally subordinate to the Father.

Immanent Trinity (Ad Intra)

The internal life of the Trinity (Homoousia & EMS).

Economic Trinity (Ad Extra)

The external operation of the Trinity.

Tritheism

WRONG! Three essences of the Trinity, meaning people (instead of persons).

Dyothelitism

Puts nature at the level of nature, giving Jesus two wills.

Communicatio Idiomatum

The communication of attributes. The two natures of Jesus communicate attributes to the one person. Both natures keep their properties.

Extra Calvinisticum

Both natures of Jesus are ALWAYS operational.

Incarnation

Jesus was born of a virgin. Mary is the theotokos, the God-bearer.

Kenotic Christology

WRONG! Says that God empties himself and forfeits divine attributes.

Virgin Birth of Christ

Virgin birth keeps Jesus as one person - from God.

Obedience and Righteousness of Christ

Jesus did not sin.

Impeccability Debate

Asks: could Jesus have sinned?

Non Posse Peccare

Not possible to sin.

Posse Non Peccare

WRONG! Possible not to sin.

Passion and Death of Christ

Christ's death is the worst, most unjust day in human history.

Christus Odium

WRONG! Says that at the moment of the crucifixion, the Father hated the Son.

Resurrection of Christ

The resurrection of Christ is the most glorious day in human history.

Ascension of Christ

1. Shows the future of all who are in Christ. 2. It is in the ascension that Christ sits down at the right hand of the Father. 3. After the ascension, Christ can mediate on our behalf forver. 4. It is through the ascension that Jesus sends the promised Holy Spirit.

Offices of Christ

Priest, Prophet, and King.

Ebionism

WRONG! Says that Jesus was great because of his poverty and what he suffered. Denies Jesus' divinity and anything else that would make him "rich."

Docetism

WRONG! Says that Jesus only seems human. Ghost/phantom.

Adoptionism

WRONG! Says that Jesus is a human and only became the son of God by virtue of adoption.

Arianism

WRONG! Argued that Jesus was a creature, not Creator: "there was a time when he was not."

Apollinarianism

WRONG! Says that Jesus is a human outside with a divine center. Human body but not human soul/mind.

Nestorianism

WRONG! Says that Jesus is two persons with two natures. Hated the idea that Mary bore God. Believed in Christotokos and denied Theotokos.