christianity Flashcards
martin luther encouraged … and denounced …
encouraged a return to the care beliefs, tenets and rituals of the christian faith
denouncing indulgences, which he believed exploited the religion
martin luther promoted a belief which highlighted the path to salvation through …
promoted a belief in his solo teachings which highlighted the path to salvation through ‘faith alone’
luther translated …
Luther translated the Bible into German which allowed people to understand Christian teachings without going to through the clergy
martin luther is seen as the inspiration for this reformation… explain the effect of its formation
Protestant Reformation
diversified the Christian faith and allowed it to represent the changing needs of its believers
ninety five theses which were a collection of …
Ninety-five theses which were a collection of controversial statements criticising the corrupt nature of the Catholic Church and the Pope one of these theses being banning the use of indulgences - align with his five solae of “sola scriptura”
sola scriptura beliefs
revelation, bible alone is the highest authority
bible alone is the ultimate authority in working out what is true about christian faith
sola christus beliefs
Christ is the sole mediator between humankind and God
relates to Divinity and Humanity of Jesus Christ, Nature of God, Trinity
impact of solas
brought wider attention to luther and his theological ideas
challenged church based on beliefs of intercession through saints, being able to earn indulgences etc.
Argued against the power of the clergies to interpret scripture for the people
rejected supreme power of the church
how many lutheran adherents today
estimated 72.3 million adherents today
sola fide (faith alone) beliefs
we are saved by faith alone
Abraham is one example of this - he did not necessarily do any good, but he simply believed in God
God simply asks that we have faith and accept Jesus’ death takes the punishment for our sins that we deserve
sola fide (faith alone) quote
“The justified will live by faith” Romans 1: 17
sola gratia (by grace alone)
Salvation
Grace - undeserved gift
Humans do not earn God’s favour, love or forgiveness
Soli Deo Gloria (Glory to god alone)
Nature of God
Christ is the sole mediator between humankind and God
Opposes the idea that Christians had to store up merit they could distribute to less holy people
contribution of translating bible from latin
New Testament made available in 1522 after Luther wrote it in Wartburg Castle
relocated the ability to interpret the bible from the clergies to the people
impact for translated bible
made the bible accessible for the vernacular, rather than having to reply on a Priest read for them
Allowed lay people to interpret the Bible independently without influence from Priests
Significant to Reformation by contributing to the ‘Priesthood of all believers’
contribution of challenging papal authority
Suggested that Bible was the centre of Christian life, not the Pope
Liberty of a Christian Man emphasised the primacy of scripture and the priesthood of all believers, rather than papal authority
Bible was final authority, not Church
impact of challenging papal authority
Rejected the supreme power of the Church
Diminished authority of the Church
Public shift in belief that Pope had authority to damn people to Hell
established first protestant church contribution
acted as catalyst for protestant reformation
Separation of Church and State
turned into violent peasant revolt across europe
caused catholic counter-reformation and council of trent which brought important formations to christianity
describe environmental ethics in christianity
governed by scripture
provide adherents with clear teachings on intrinsic goodness of god’s creation
addresses principles of stewardship and justice
christianity has deep concern for natural environment → adherents are given duty to care for it and future generations
environmental ethics broad scripture as a source
teachings on how to live an ethical life:
The Genesis creation stories state that God is the creator and has appointed humanity the responsibility to care for earth (stewardship)
stewardship explanation
as creation’s stewards, human being are to appreciate, care for and protect the gift of the earth and its resources.
They are God’s representatives and have dominion over all created things.
genesis quote on stewardship “god took the man and settled him in…”
god took the man and settled him in the Garden of Eden to cultivate and take care of it” - Genesis 2:15
evangelicals for climate action (stewardship)
organisation in the US
coming together and taking action to overcome the climate crisis
influencing senior leaders to initiate real change, and holding political leaders accountable.
stewardship link to belief (salvation/nature of god and the trinity)
stewardship in christianity follows from the belief that human beings are created by the same God that created the universe and everything in it. To look after the Earth, and this God’s dominion, is the responsibility of the Christian steward
