Christian practices, RPE AQA GCSE Flashcards
1
Q
define worship
A
acts of religious praise, honour or devotion
2
Q
define liturgical worship
A
a Church service that follows a set structure or ritual
3
Q
advantages of liturgical worship
A
- FAMILIAR to all Christians as there is a worldwide set order, strengthens the sense of UNITY,
- during the EUCHARIST you receive Jesus’ living presence,
- the liturgical Bible readings teach Christian FAITH and HISTORY in an organised way,
- you can receive FORGIVENESS from God from the actions of the priest,
- sense of TRADITION as the practices have been handed down through generations, strengthens obligation to worship.
4
Q
define non-liturgical worship
A
a service that does not follow a set structure, ritual or text
5
Q
which Christians worship liturgically
A
Catholics, Church of England, Orthodox
6
Q
which Christians worship non-liturgically
A
Non-conformist: Methodist, Baptist, United Reformed Churches
7
Q
define informal worship
A
a type of non-liturgical worship that focuses on the adoration of God, can happen outside of a Church and is often ‘spontaneous’ or ‘charismatic’ in nature.
8
Q
define charismatic worship
A
a free-flowing type of worship in which the Holy Spirit is believed to be with them during prayer.
9
Q
advantages of non-liturgical and informal worship
A
- can allow a more PERSONAL sense of emotional impact and communication with God: a feeling of personal revelation,
- requires NO FORMAL TRAINING: anyone can do it and feel connected with God and a contribution to the Church,
- it follows the style of prayer used by Christians after the PENTECOST,
- allows faith to be expressed in many DIFFERENT WAYS that complement the believer’s personal needs,
- Christians can share PERSONAL INTERPRETATIONS of the Bible: more open mindset, promotes empathy.
10
Q
define private worship
A
when a believer praises or honours God on their own.
11
Q
define prayer
A
communicating with God
12
Q
5 reasons Christians pray
A
ACTS and I
1. Adoration, praising God
2. Confession, saying sorry for sins
3. Thanksgiving, thanking God for what is good
4. Supplication, asking for God’s grace to help with something
5. Intercession, praying for the wellbeing of someone else
13
Q
example of adoration in the Lord’s Prayer
A
‘Our father in heaven, hallowed be your name’
14
Q
example of confession in the Lord’s Prayer
A
‘Forgive us our sins’
15
Q
example of thanksgiving in the Lord’s Prayer
A
‘Give us today our daily bread’
16
Q
example of supplication in the Lord’s Prayer
A
‘Lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil’
17
Q
example of intercession in the Lord’s Prayer
A
‘Forgive us our sins
as we forgive those who sin against us’
18
Q
benefits of the Lord’s Prayer
A
- gives Christians a pattern of how to pray: combine your own needs with the needs of others and praising God,
- a reminder that you must forgive others before you expect God to forgive you,
- a reminder that God is the father of all Christians,
- unites Christians as they all may recite it after an important event, religious (e.g. baptism, the Eucharist) or not (e.g. a birth),
- sense of unity and spiritual purpose in society, esp during tragic times.
19
Q
define sacrament
A
rites and rituals through which a believer receives a special gift of grace, outwardly expressing an inner, spiritual experience.
20
Q
which Christians have seven sacraments
A
Catholic and Orthodox
21
Q
which Churches do not have any sacraments?
A
Quakers and the Salvation Army
22
Q
what is the significance of baptism?
A
- formally acknowledges someone as a child of God + a member of the Church,
- they receive God’s saving grace and their sins are forgiven.
23
Q
Bible quote promoting baptism
A
‘make disciples of all nations, baptising them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit
24
Q
why is water used during a baptism
A
to represent washing away sin
25
what are the two types of baptism?
infant baptism
believers' baptism
26
which Churches practise infant baptism?
Orthodox, Catholic, Anglican, Methodist, the United Reform Christians
27
reasons for infant baptism
- to free a baby from original sin,
- to welcome a child into the Church as soon as possible,
- to thank God for the baby,
- to celebrate the birth with family and friends.
28
which Christians do not practise infant baptism
and why
Baptists and Pentecostalists because:
- they believe that a person themself must come to a mature decision about their faith before being baptised
- they believe that baptism itself does not save a person but rather deciding to devote your life to Jesus Christ.
29
what does the minister say as they baptise someone?
they baptise them 'in the name of the Father, and of the Son and ofthe Holy Spirit'
30
what is the Eucharist/Holy Communion?
remembering Jesus' sacrifice on the cross and his resurrection by eating bread and drinking wine, representing his body and blood.
31
what are the seven sacraments?
baptism,
reconciliation,
the Eucharist,
confirmation,
the anointing (praying for) of the sick,
holy orders (being ordained as priests or deacons)
marriage.
32
why is the Eucharist significant for Christians?
- for Catholics: they become present at Jesus' crucifixion: they receive GOD'S GRACE,
- helps Christians REFLECT on the meaning of God's CRUCIFIXION and RESURRECTION and its impacts on their lives today,
- a REMINDER of Jesus' words and actions at the LAST SUPPER,
- they can THANK GOD for Jesus' sacrifice giving them the opportunity to experience God's love and grace,
- an act FELLOWSHIP with other Christians; sense of community,
- strengthens a believer's COMMITMENT to their FAITH, especially during a time of difficulty or doubt,
- puts LOVING OTHERS into practice as everyone there is welcome and equal,
- a reminder that there are others starving around the world: encourages GENEROSITY and GRATITUDE.
33
what does the word 'Eucharist' mean?
'thanksgiving'
34
what is 'transubstantiation'?
the Catholic belief that the bread and wine during the Eucharist becomes the literal body and blood of Jesus Christ.
35
what do Church of England Christians believe about the bread and wine during the Eucharist?
the bread and wine hold the spiritual presence of Jesus Christ but do not literally become it.
36
what pattern do most churches follow in the way that they celebrate the Eucharist?
1. ministry of the Word: focussing on God's word in the Bible
2. ministry of the Holy Communion: offering, consecrating and sharing the bread and wine
37
what is the Orthodox Church's celebration of the Eucharist called?
what does it recreate?
what two sections is it split into?
the Divine Liturgy
recreated heaven and Earth
split into the Liturgy of the Word (hymns, Bible readings, sermons)
and the Liturgy of the Faithful (consecrating and sharing bread and wine)
38
what is the Roman Catholic Church's celebration of the Eucharist called?
what two sections is it split into?
which other denomination celebrates the Eucharist in almost the same way?
the Catholic Mass
split into the Liturgy of the Word (psalms, Bible readings, a homily)
and the Liturgy of the Eucharist (Priest says Jesus' words from the Last Supper, pray, offer and share bread and wine)
Anglicans also follow this outline for Holy Communion.
39
define pilgrimage
a journey made for religious reasons to a sacred place
40
why do Christians go on pilgrimages?
- grow closer to God, STRENGTHEN THEIR FAITH,
- seek CURE for illness,
- HELP a DISABLED person take the pilgrimage,
- PRAY for something, THANK God,
- EXPERIENCE a holy place,
- MEET OTHERS of the same faith,
- REFLECT on their lives,
- express sorrow for sin + ask for FORGIVENESS,
41
where is Lourdes?
why is it a place of pilgrimage?
Lourdes is in France
- in 1858 a young girl called Bernadette Soubirous there experienced visions of the Virgin Mary telling her to dig for a spring of water,
- she did this and the water was found to have healing properties.
42
how many miracles have taken place at Lourdes?
67 reported miracles
and 6000+ reported cures
43
what do pilgrims do at Lourdes?
- pray at the grotto where Bernadette had her vision,
- recite the rosary Bernadette and Mary recited,
- bathe in the healing water.
44
where is Iona?
why is it a place of pilgrimage?
what is out dedicated to?
Iona is in Scotland
- considered the birthplace of Christianity in Scotland after an Irish pilgrim brought the faith there in 6th century AD,
- dedicated to the Virgin Mary.
45
what do pilgrims do at Iona?
- seven mile hike to the island's historic spots,
- Christian workshops,
- reflect and meditate,
- read Bible and holy books,
- enjoy the area's natural beauty.
46
why is Iona often called a 'thin place'?
the 'veil' between the physical and spiritual world there is said to feel thin. Its scenery feels like a demonstration of God's infinite power and presence.
47
what is the Incarnation?
the belief that God became human in Jesus
48
what does Christmas commemorate?
how long do the celebrations last?
the Incarnation of Jesus
for 12 days leading up till 25th December
49
quote for the importance of Christmas
'Father, you make this holy night radiant with the splendour of Jesus Christ our light'
50
how do Christians celebrate Christmas?
light decorations, carol services, nativity plays, Midight mass, giving gifts,
51
define festival
a day or period of celebration for religious reasons
52
what its the Incarnation?
when God took human form as Jesus on Earth
53
quote about Christmas
'Father, you make this holy night radiant with the splendour of Jesus Christ our light'
from the opening prayer of the Catholic Midnight Mass
54
what is the most important Christian festival?
what does it celebrate?
Easter
celebrates the resurrection of Jesus
55
how is Easter celebrated?
- Easter Sunday: hymns and flowers in Church,
- light candles and lamps,
- share breakfast, eat eggs
56
what happened on Good Friday?
Jesus was crucified and laid in the tomb
57
when is the Paschal Candle lit? what does it represent?
lit during Easter from a new fire
to represent Jesus breaking out of the darkness of sin and death
58
give two definitions of Church
1. the holy people of God, among whom Christ is present and active
2. a building in which Christians worship
59
some historical impacts of the Church
- social services: schooling, healthcare,
- inspiring art and culture,
- campaigning for justice,
- championing the neglected
60
what is the Trussell Trust?
what is its aim?
statistic about it.
An organisation based on Christian principles that has food banks across Britain helping people in crisis.
aims to bring people together, religious or not, to end poverty and hunger in the UK.
they provide food for nearly 1 million people a year.
61
who runs the Oasis Project?
what does it do?
the Oasis Project is run by the Plymouth Methodist Community Circuit.
runs a food bank and gives spiritual and practical support to people in need, e.g. low income households, disabled people
62
why should Christians respond practically to the needs of society?
Jesus taught that agape love is the Christian way of life, e.g. in the Parable of the Sheep and Goats.
63
what does agape mean?
it describes a love which is endless, sacrificial, unconditional
64
Bible quote encouraging Christians to respond to the needs of their local community
'Faith by itself, if it is not accompanied by action, is dead'
65
what do Street Pastors do?
work with councils and police to provide a service to local areas: listen to people's problems, discourage anti-social behaviour, giving guidance, patrol streets
66
what is the aim of street pastors?
to help and care for vulnerable people in practical ways
challenging gang culture and crime
67
what is Parish Nursing Ministry UK?
give some examples of what they specifically do
- a Christian charity that supports whole person healthcare (physical, spiritual, mental) through the local church,
- alleviate loneliness during times of crisis, diagnose illness early, give additional help to NHS.
68
define mission
the calling of a religious organisation or individual to spread their faith
69
what is the Great Commission
give a quote from it
some of the last words of Jesus to his disciples that sum up the mission of the Church
'Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptising them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit'
70
define evangelism
spreading the Christian gospel by public preaching or personal witness
71
define missionary
a person sent on a religious mission, especially to promote Christianity in a foreign country by preaching or charitable work
72
give a religious figure who performed missionary journeys
the Apostle Paul
73
what is the Alpha Course?
an worldwide evangelistic course to teach and introduce people to Christianity through talks and discussions held in universities, prisons, homes and more.
74
where in the world is the Church growing most rapidly?
how many people become Christian a day worldwide?
Asia, Africa and South America
80,000
75
what does CfAN stand for?
what do they do?
who started it and why?
Christ for All Nations
an organisation that holds evangelical missions especially in Africa. they hold open air meetings that attract hundreds of thousands of people.
led by Reinhard Bonnke who believes God called him to be an evangelist in Africa when he was ten-years-old
76
how might Christians spread their faith?
- share testimonies,
- prayer,
- inviting people to Christian meetings,
- advertising,
- using the media,
- fellowship meals and other social events.
77
what is the Corrymeela Community?
what sacrament is their work an example of?
gathers people to listen and talk to each other to break down social, political and religious division.
reconciliation
78
how does the Worldwide Council of Churches work for reconciliation?
has a programme to bring about reconciliation between denominations and different faiths
79
what does the Bible say about persecution?
'Blessed are those who are persecuted because of righteousness, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven
80
what good might persecution bring for a Christian?
might strengthen their faith
help them decide whether they want to commit to their faith
they share with Jesus (persecution for beliefs)
81
what did Church Father Tertullian say was a benefit of Christian persecution?
helps spread Christianity because people can witness how sure Christians are of their reward in Heaven
82
what are Christians encouraged to do when they are faced with physical/verbal abuse?
supporting Bible quote?
still show love
'Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil with good'
83
describe a Christian's story of persecution
Pastor Baber George
- converted to Christianity,
- became a peace ambassador for Interfaith Harmony,
- a minority of radical Muslims accused him of blasphemy against islam so attacked and demolished his home,
- him and his family fled to Sri Lanka, then USA, with the help of Christian organisations like the Barnabas Fund.
84
what Bible quote suggests it is important for Christians to help persecuted Christians?
'If one part suffers, every other part suffers with it'
85
what does CSW stand for?
what do they do?
Christian Solidarity Worldwide
human rights organisation that campaigns for religious freedom for all?
86
what does the Barnabas Fund do?
sends financial support to programmes supporting Christians who are persecuted, oppressed or discriminated against for their faith
87
Bible quote encouraging Christians to take action against poverty
'Dear children, let us love not with words or speech but with action and in truth'
88
what does Tearfund do?
helps transform vulnerable communities out of poverty by traveling to places in need and responding to disasters. they hold fundraising events, pray and raise awareness while working alongside the Church
89
Tearfund stats
- have freed tens of millions of people from poverty,
- was working with 90522 churches in 2015.
90
importance of prayer Bible quote
'The prayer of a righteous person has great power'
91
Bible quote suggesting to do the Eucharist
'this is my body, which is for you; do this in remembrance of me'
'do this, whenever you drink it, in remembrance of me'
92
Bible quote for pilgrimage
'Blessed are those whose strength is in you,
whose hearts are set on pilgrimage.'
93
what is the message of the Parables of the Sheep and the Goats?
to enter heaven you must take action to help those in need. helping a person, no matter who they are, is the same as helping Jesus himself, so is a duty for all Christians.
94
Bible quote encouraging Christians to practise compassion
'Faith by itself, if it is not accompanied by action, is dead'
95
Bible quote for forgiveness
'the Lord has forgiven you, so you must also forgive'
