Christian Conditions For Jus In Bello

Question 1

Define proportionality ? (1)

Answer 1

Essentially means that only the minimal force necessary should be used

Question 2

Discrimination between who

Answer 2

combatants and non-combatants

Question 3

what does proportionality demand (1)

Answer 3

only the necessary destructive force and weapons are used to achieve the peace desired

Question 4

Catholic Bishops reject the use of what (1)

Answer 4

nuclear weapons - as they would lead to long lasting effects

Question 5

name a bomb blasting that did not adhere to the criteria of proportionality (1)

Answer 5

the Nagasaki and Hiroshima (august 1945)

Question 6

what is an example of proportionality in modern warfare(1)

Answer 6

it may be seen in the ‘flexible response’ adopted by the Kennedy administrations and by NATO in 1967

Question 7

what should a warring christian country not use (2)

Answer 7

nuclear, biological or chemical weapons

Question 8

What should a warring christian country not do and harness (2)

Answer 8

• target crops or homes

- any other new technology that affects whole civilian populations

Question 9

what are innocent lives defined as

Answer 9

non-combatant and non-military

Question 10

who should never be classed as combatants

Answer 10

• school children
• hospital patients
• the elderly
• the ill
• average industrial worker producing goods not directly related to military purpose and farmers

Question 11

what must be made

Answer 11

a distinction between legitimate target for military violence and civilian non-combatants

Question 12

what did Aquinas argue

Answer 12

that soldiers have a duty to treat prisoners of war justly and to show mercy to the conquered nation
- can help when beginning to rebuild trust after war