chpt1 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Tissue

A

group of cells of the same type that have functional unity

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2
Q

what are the 4 types of tissue?

A
  1. Epithelial 2. connective 3. muscular 4.Nervous
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3
Q

epithelial tissue

A

-skin layers
-linings of cavities
-may secrete epithelium
-may be ciliated

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4
Q

connective tissue

A

-adipose (fat)
-dense fibrous : tendon, aponeurosis, ligament ,fascia
-cartilage
-bone

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5
Q

muscular tissue

A

-striated (voluntary, somatic)
-smooth (involuntary,autonomic)
-cardiac

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6
Q

visceral muscle

A

smooth muscle
-associated with involuntary functions
-glands, digestion organs

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7
Q

muscles

A

-made up of fibres
-fast twitch
-slow twitch

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8
Q

fast twitch fibers

A

-contract quickly
- fine movement
-fatigue easily

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9
Q

slow twitch fibres

A
  • larger movements
    -exert greater force
  • move slowly
  • greater endurance
    -antigravity muscles of trunk
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10
Q

Muscle function

A

-Only contract
-contractions brings two muscles together
-muscles w more fibre exert more force of contraction

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11
Q

4 critical definitions to muscles

A
  1. origin 2. insertion 3. agonist 4. antagonist
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12
Q

origin

A

point of attachment in muscle during contraction (immobile)

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13
Q

insertion

A

point of attachment of muscle during contraction mobile

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14
Q

agonist

A

(prime mover)
muscle that preforms intended action

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15
Q

antagonist

A

opposes intended action

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16
Q

pallategloses

A

moves both tongue soft palate

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17
Q

neurons

A

Transfer information

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18
Q

glial cells

A

-structural support
-nutrient transfer
-neurotransmitter
- blood-brain barrier

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19
Q

nervous system ( anatomical)

A

structure of the nervous system such as nuclei, cells ganglia

20
Q

nervous system (functional)

A

motor control system, language system ,sensory systems

21
Q

nervous system ( developmental)

A

embryonic devolpment

22
Q

anatomical divisions of NS

A

-(system of controls)
2 components (cns) and (pns)

23
Q

CNS

A

cerebral cortex
cerebellum
brainstem
spinal cord

24
Q

PNS

A
  1. cranial nerves
  2. spinal nerves
25
Q

autonomic nervous system (ANS)

A

sympathetic: autonomic reaction to stimulation

parasympathetic: damping response following excitation

26
Q

basic components of NS

A

neurons
glial cells
nuclei
ganglia

27
Q

synapse

A

space between 2 neurons where communication occurs

28
Q

synaptic vesicles

A
29
Q

striated muscle composition

A

muscle fibers–> myofibrils–> myofilaments –>thick/thin moo filament

30
Q

respiroty passasge (respiratory tree)

A

trachea->main stem bronchi ->secondary bronchi –>tertiary bronchioles–> terminal bronchioles –>alveoli

31
Q

trachea

A

-not muscular (cartilage)
-connected by smooth muscle
-anterior

32
Q

alveolus

A

(cavity) attached to terminal bronchi

33
Q

Lungs

A

-site of gas exchange (pink, spongy, elastic)
-no muscle

34
Q

left lung

A

superior,inferior lobes

35
Q

right lung

A

superior, middle inferior lobes

36
Q

mediastinum

A

middle space within heart resides

37
Q

pleural linings

A

fiction-free contact between lung and ribcage

38
Q

limbs

A

proximal closer to trunk eg shoulder
distal away from trunk

39
Q

lateral

A

away from midline

40
Q

cranial (brain and its components)

A

Rostral: towards nose/beak
caudal: towards the tail

41
Q

plantar

A

sole of foot

42
Q

extension

A

pulling two ends apart

43
Q

cranial nerves

A

important for speech and hearing

44
Q

pelvic girdle

A
  1. ilium , 2.ischium ,3. pubis
45
Q

pectoral girdle

A

clavicle:collar bone
scapula

46
Q

rib cage

A

elevates during inspiration
barrel shape

47
Q

sternum

A

breast bone
1. manubrium
2. corpus
3. xiphoid