Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Psy 101 > Chpt 8 > Flashcards

Chpt 8 Flashcards

(62 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is Motivation

A

Factors that direct and energize the behavior of humans and other organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Instincts

A

Inborn patterns that are biologically determined rather than leanred

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Instinct approaches to motivation

A

An explanation of motivation that suggests people and animals are born programmed with sets of behaviors essential to survive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is an example of instinct approaches to motivation?

A

Eating because you need food to survive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Another example of instinct approaches to motivation?

A

A dog shaking their body when their wet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Drive-reduction approaches to motivation

A

Theory suggesting that a lack of some basic biological need produces a drive to push an organism to satisfy that need

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Give an example of drive-reduction approaches to motivation

A

Getting a sweater because you are too cold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Drive

A

Motivation, tension, or arousal that energizes behavior to fulfill a need

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Homeostasis

A

The body’s tendency to maintain a steady internal state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Arousal approaches to motivation

A

Belief that people try to maintain steady level of stimulation and activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Explain arousal approach to motivation

A

If stimulation and activity become too high, we try to lower it. Or, if we feel it is too low we try to raise it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Give an example of arousal approach to motivation

A

Being out with your friends, but feeling drained so you go and talk a walk by yourself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Incentive approach to motivation

A

Theory suggesting that motivation stems from the desire to attain external rewards known as incentives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Example of incentive approach to motivation

A

Doing well in school because of the rewards you receive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Another example of incentive approach to motivation

A

Eating because food tastes good not because you are hungry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

“Push”

A

Internal drives proposed by drive-reduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

“Pull”

A

The external incentives of incentive theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Describe push and pull

A

Push is what drives you to do something. A pull is more an incentive, you get something

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cognitive approaches to motivation

A

Theory suggesting that motivation is a result of people’s thoughts, beliefs, expectations and goals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Give an example of cognitive approaches to motivation

A

Memory. People remember their success and tend to try and achieve the same

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Intrinsic motivation

A

Causes individuals to participate in an activity for their own enjoyment rather for any actual concrete reward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Example of intrinsic motivation

A

Reading for fun instead of reading because of school

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Extrinsic motivation

A

Causes individuals to do something for money, a grade, or some actual concrete reward

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Example of extrinsic motivation

A

Playing a sport not because you like it, but because of the trophy’s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Self-actualization
State of self fulfillment in which people realize their highest potential
26
What is glucose, insulin, and ghrelin
Glucose is a sugar that regulates feelings of hunger. Insulin leads body to store excess sugar. Ghrelin communicates feelings of hunger to the brain (like growling
27
What monitors glucose levels?
The Hypothalamus
28
Weight set point
Particular level of weight that body strives to maintain
29
What effects the weight set point?
Hypothalamus
30
Metabolism
The rate of which food is converted to energy and expanded by the body
31
What is a drive?
Something that gives you motivation to fulfill a need
32
Describe homeostasis
When the body tries to maintain a steady internal state. Like when you are overheating
33
What are some causes of obesity?
Higher weight set point, genetics, lighter level of leptin
34
Anorexia nervosa
A severe eating disorder in which people may refuse to eat while denying their behavior and appearance are unusual
35
Bulimia
Disorder in which a person binges on large quantities of food, followed by efforts to purge the food through vomiting or other means
36
What are some causes of anorexia and bulimia
Biological chemical imbalance in the hypothalamus, genetics( maybe parenting), society’s value of being thin
37
Androgens
Male hormones secreted by the tests
38
Estrogen
Class of female sex hormones produced by ovaries. Greatest production is during ovulation
39
Masturbation
Sexual self-stimulation
40
Heterosexuality
Sexual attraction and behavior directed to other sex
41
Homosexuals
Persons who are sexually attracted to members of their own sex
42
Bisexuals
People who are sexually attracted to those of the same gender as well as other genders
43
What could be some determinants of sexual orientations
Hormones, genetics(twin studies), differences in brain structure
44
What are some key symptoms of anorexia and bulimia
Anorexia is low body weight, malnutrition Bulimia is binging and purging
45
Transgender
General term for persons whose gender identity, gender expression, or behavior is not consistent with that typically associated with the sex of which they were assigned at birth
46
Intersex person
People born with genitals that make their sexual identity ambiguous
47
Need for achievement
A persons desire to strive for and achieve challenging accomplishments
48
Growth mindset
The belief that individual characteristics such as intelligence, talent, and motivation can be developed through hard work
49
Fixed mindset
The erroneous belief that individual characteristics such as intelligence, talent, and motivation are set at birth and vary little through out the life span
50
Need for affiliation
An interest in establishing and maintaining relationships with other people
51
Need for power
Tendency to seek impact, control, or influence over others and to be seen as a powerful individual
52
Emotions
Feelings that generally have both physiological and cognitive elements and that influence behavior
53
Describe someone high in the need for achievement
Someone who is high in need fro achievement will most likely choose average leveled classes where they will not succeed easily, struggle
54
Describe someone high in need for affiliation
Someone high in need for affiliation will most likely be more social, and hang with their friends often
55
Describe someone high in need for power
Someone high in need for power will most likely
56
Contrast growth and fixed mindset
Growth mindset is someone believing they can achieve something working hard. A fixed mindset is someone believing they will not be able to achieve anything because that is how they are wired
57
Emotions
Feelings that generally have both physiological and cognitive elements and that influence behavior
58
What are the basic emotions?
Happiness, anger, fear, sadness, and disgust
59
James-Lange theory of emotion
Emotional experience is a reaction to bodily events occurring as a result of an external situation
60
Conan-Bard theory of emotion
Both physiological arousal and emotional experience are provided simultaneously by the same nerve stimulus
61
Schachter-Singer theory of emotion
Emotions are determined by a nonspecific kind of physiological arousal and its interpretation based on emotional cues
62
Compare and contrast the James-Lange theory, Canon-Bard theory, and Schachter-Singer theory
James-Lange: emotions happen because of bodily functions Canon-Bard: emotion and physiological arousal happen at same time Schachter-Singer: emotion based on what’s around us

Psy 101 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions