CHPT 27: Prokaryotes

Question 1

A main difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is that eukaryotic but not prokaryotic cells

Answer 1

possess membrane bound organelles

Question 2

A bacteria that obtains carbon from the atmosphere and energy and electrons from reduced inorganic compounds is best characterized as a

Answer 2

chemolithoautotroph

Question 3

Gram positive and gram negative bacteria are distinguished based on differences in their..

Answer 3

the cell wall: Gram + have thick layer of peptidoglycan whereas gram - have a thin layer

Question 4

Bacteria and archaebacteria may be distinguished based on

Answer 4

cell membrane structure and chemistry

Question 5

The transfer of very specific genes from one bacterium to another by a virus is called..

Answer 5

specialized transduction

Question 6

Tuberculosis is caused by

Answer 6

a bacteirum

Question 7

During respiration bacteria can use a greater diversity of electron_____ and _____ than can eukaryotics

Answer 7

donors ; acceptors

Question 8

Which of the following structures is unique to prokaryotes?

Answer 8

Pili

Question 9

What is the purpose of the production of urease in helping H.Pylori survive stomach acid?

Answer 9

ammoniacan be converted to NH4+ by stomach acid, thus increasing stomach pH

Question 10

Which of the following would reduce the pathogenicity of H.pylori?

Answer 10

mutation that prevents the production of the flagellin protein

Question 11

Why might the actual incidence of an STI be higher than the reported rates?

Answer 11

ppl with STI may be too embarrassed to visit their health care provider

ppl with an STI maybe not have access to healthcare

rates of STI may be high in populations not wanting to report the infection(such as prostitutes and drug users)

Question 12

Pathogens that kill their hosts too quickly lose the opportunity to spread. Which of the following strategies would promote the spread of a pathogen?

Answer 12

irritation of the respiratory epithelia

production of a painless sore on the genitalia that contains the pathogen

Question 13

Some bacteira are capable of forming NH4 from nitorgen gas in root nodules of leguminous plants which is described as..

Answer 13

reduction

Question 14

Which structure function relationship in the chloroplast of green plants is analogous to the structure function relationship of the membrane folds?

Answer 14

the stacks of thylakoid membranes increasing surface area for light capture

Question 15

What are prokaryotes?

Answer 15

dominant life forms like Bacteria and Archaea

Question 16

Thermophilia Prokaryotes

Answer 16

able to tolerate hot temperatures

Question 17

Extremophile Prokaryotes

Answer 17

living in extreme environments

Question 18

How do membrane lipids differ btwn archaea and bacteria?

Answer 18

in archaea it is consturcted differently by linkages

in bacteria it is constructed of esther linkages

Question 19

How do cell walls differ btwn archaea and bacteria?

Answer 19

bacteria have peptidoglycan walls made of carbs while archaea do not

Question 20

How does DNA Replication differ btwn archaea and bacteria?

Answer 20

differs in its origins and the proteins involved are different

Question 21

How does Gene Expression differ btwn archaea and bacteria?

Answer 21

the machinery aka the process

Question 22

What are the three shapes of prokaryotes?

Answer 22

bacillus
coccus
sprillium

Question 23

What causes the locomotion of prokaryotes?

Answer 23

Flagella which are composed of a protein rod, protein rings and go through the peptidoglycan layer

Question 24

Gram Stain

Answer 24

gram + has thick peptidoglycan layer and is violet

gram - is red and does not have a peptidoglycan layer