Chpt 1Long Q On Human Development Index

Question 1

What is HDI

Answer 1

Is a scoring system used by the UN since 1990 to rank countries based on their social and economic well-being.
Expressed on scale 0 to 1.
3 areas ranked = wealth (GNI per person), health (life expectancy), education (literacy rates)

Question 2

What other indicators do HDI now include

Answer 2

Gender equality and human rights

Question 3

What category do countries fall into

Answer 3

Very high, high, medium and low human development

Question 4

Where does Norway rank with HDI

Answer 4

1st in 2017 with 0.949

Question 5

Where does Central African Republic rank

Answer 5

188 out of 193 with 0.352

Question 6

Are all countries included in HDI scale

Answer 6

Some are not due to lack of info

Question 7

What are some advantages to using HDI

Answer 7

More complete view of country’s development compared to GNP
Doesn’t just focus on economic side
Include social factors - education, equality

Question 8

What are some advantages to HDI

Answer 8

Can evolve over time
Reflects change in development
New indicators can be added
More complete picture of human social and economic development

Question 9

What is a problem with HDI

Answer 9

Do not show inequality in a country - e.g China and Kenya have widely different HDI scores depending on region
North China poorer than south east china
May not respond to short term changes

Question 10

What is a problem with HDI

Answer 10

Higher national wealth does not indicate welfare as depends on how money is spent
Country spends lots on military = high GNI but welfare could be low
Some countries = high wealth scores per capita but high levels inequality e.g Saudi Arabia

Question 11

Define GNP

Answer 11

Is the value of goods and serviced produced in a country and the value of goods and serviced produced by native companied located abroad

Question 12

Before HDI what was the common measure of economic development

Answer 12

GNP was and gave a simple ranking based on economic output of a country

Question 13

What is used for international ranking

Answer 13

Lately GNI is used

Question 14

What is GNI

Answer 14

It is GNP but takes into account taxes and remittances sent to a country

Question 15

What is GNI per captia

Answer 15

It is the gross national income converted to us dollars divided by population

Question 16

What is GNI used for

Answer 16

Clear way of showing wealth differences between countries - Ireland = 51,000 and Central African Republic = $330 per year

Question 17

Countries with high GNP vs lower GNP

Answer 17

Higher standard of living and more developed than lower GNP countries

Question 18

Advantage of GNP

Answer 18

Easy and quick to calculate based on gov stats of output

Question 19

Disadvantages of GNP

Answer 19

1. Average figure so hides inequalities of peoples incomes in country
2. Num of MNCs in country affects GNP of a country - large MNCs send wealth back home and do not contribute to country they are in where branch plants are - Ireland at risk of this
3. GNP appears higher with high inflation event though people are less well off
4. Countries with increasing economic growth are associated with higher levels of pollution which decrease welfare of population so high GNP not equal high standard living