Chpt 10- Landmarks of Face and Oral Cavity Flashcards
Define: Ala
winglike tip of the outer side of each nostril
Define- Angle of the mandible
lower posterior of the ramus
Define Angular Cheilosis ( 2 causes)
inflammation at the corners of the mouth that may be caused by nutritional deficiency of vitamin b or by a fungal condition
define- anterior faucial pillar
anterior arch of the soft palate
define anterior naris
nostrils
what is the plural version of anterior naris
anterior nares
what is the plural version of ala
alae
define buccal vestibule
area between the cheeks and the teeth or alveolar ridge
define canthus
fold of soft tissue at the corner of eye lids
define filiform papillae
thread like elevations that cover most of tongue
define fordyce spots
normal variations that may appear on the buccal mucosa
define frenum
narrow band of tissue that connects two structures
define philtrum
rectangular area between the two ridges of the external opening of ear
define tragus
cartilangious projection anterior to the opening of the ear
define glabella
smooth surface of the frontal bone, right above root of nose
define root of nose
commonly called the bridge of the nose where you glasses sit
define septum
tissue that divides the nasal cavity into two nasal fossae
define anterior naris
the nostril
define mental protuberance
the part of the mandible that forms the chin
define angle of the mandible
it is the lower posterior of the ramus
define the zygomatic arch
area of the face that creates the prominence of the cheek
What are the 9 regions of the face?
- Forehead
- temples
- orbital area
- external nose
- zygomatic area
- mouth and lips
- cheeks
- chin
- external ear
what is the skin of the external ear and ala of nosed fixed to?
a layer of underlying cartilage
what is our skin connected to?
connective tissue
what is another term for lips?
labia
what is the outline of the lips called? what does it look like?
the vermilion border, darker pigment than surrounding skin
define labial commisure
the angle at the corner of the mouth
define nasolabial sulcus
the grove that extends upward between each labial commisure and nasal ala
what is the oral cavity lined with?
mucous membrane tissue
what are the two areas of the oral cavity?
The vestibule
The oral cavity proper
Define the vestibule
space between teeth and inner mucosal lining of lips and cheeks
define the oral cavity proper
the space on the tounge side within the lower and upper dental arches
what is the mucobuccal fold?
where the buccal mucosa and the alveolar mucosa meet
what is the mucogingival junction?
distinct line of colour change that can be seen in the tissue where the alveolar membrane meets with the attached gingiva
what is the buccal vestibule?
area between the cheeks and the teeth of the alveolar ridge
what is the parotid papilla?
small elevation located on the inner surface of the cheek on the buccal mucosa opposite of the second maxillary molar.
what does the parotid papilla do?
it protects the opening of the parotid papilla and salivary gland
what are fordyce spots?
small yellowish elevations that may appear on the buccal mucosa
what is linea alba
white ridge of raised tissue extends horizontally where mandibular and maxillary teeth meet
what is the labial frenum?
passes from the oral mucosa at the midline of the maxillary arch to the midline of the inner surface of lip
what is the buccal frenum?
passes from the oral mucosa of the outer surface of the maxillary arch to the inner surface of the cheek
what is the lingual frenum
passes from the floor of the mouth to the midline of the ventral border of the tounge
what is gingiva commonly called?
the gums
what type of tissue is gingiva
mastricatory mucosa
what do the following characteristics describe
- gingiva that surrounds the tooth like a collar and is self-cleansing
- gingiva that is firm and resistant and can be tightly adapted to the tooth and bone
-surfaces that the gingiva is attache to are stippled and resemble the ring of an orange
- the colour of the gingiva surface varies depending on the individuals pigment
normal gingival tissue
what is unattached gingiva?
is the border of gingiva that surrounds the teeth in a collar like fashion
what is another term for unattached gingiva?
marginal gingiva or free gingiva
what is interdental gingiva?
the extension of the free gingiva that fills the inter proximal embrasure between two adjacent teeth
what is the gingival groove
shallow groove that runs parallel to the margin of the unattached gingiva and marks the beginning of the attached gingiva
what is another term for interdental gingiva?
interdental papilla
what is the hard palate? what type of tissue is it? why is it there?
the roof of your mouth, it separates the nasal cavity from the oral cavity
oral mucosa which is tightly bound to underlying bone
what is the incisive papilla? where is it located?
behind the maxillary incisors is the incisive papilla that cover the incisive foramen
what are palatal rugae
irregular ridges or folds of the masticatory mucosa
what are midline palatal raphe?
runs posteriorly from the incisive papilla
what is the soft palate?
movable posterior third of the palate, it has no boney structure and hangs into the pharynx behind
what is the uvula
hanging pear shaped projection of tissue
how is the soft palate supported?
by two arches, the fauces
what is the anterior faucial pillar?
structure that runs from the soft palate down to the lateral aspects of the tongue
what is the posterior faucial pillar?
the free posterior border of the soft palate
what is the isthmus of fauces
the opening between the two arches that contain the tonsils
what kind of tissue is found on the tongue?
mucous membrane
what are papillae?
pinkish white bumps on the tongue that are used as sensory organs for both taste and touch
what are the 2 parts of the tongue?
the anterior 2/3 is called the body
the posterior part is called the root this turns down vertically towards the pharynx
what is the dorsum
top side of the tongue. comprises of the superior (upper) and posterior roughened aspects of the tongue , it is covered in papillae of various shapes
what is the sublingual surface of the tongue?
covered with thin, smooth and transparent mucosa where many underlying vessels can be seen.
explain the submandibular ducts
there are two small papillae on ether side of the lingual frenulum just behind the central incisor through those papillae into the mouth are the opening of the submandibular ducts, saliva enters the oral cavity through these ducts
where are fimbriated folds found?
on ether side of the lingual surface
what is a lingual frenectomy?
a procedure where the lingual frenulum is cut due to it being too short. a short lingual frenulum causes someone to be “tongue tied” it heavily impacts their speech
what do taste buds do?
allow us to taste food and detect tempurature of food
is saliva needed to stimulate the taste buds to detect flavours?
yes saliva is needed
where are the tastebuds located?
fungiform papilae
what is the vallate papillae
its a v shaped portion on the posterior portion of the tongue where
what sense does the filiform papillae have
sense of touch
which papillae contain no taste receptors?
the filiform papilae
what are the 4 primary taste combinations
- sweet
- salty
3.sour
4.bitter
which flavour acts as a protective mechanisms
bitter, most deadly toxins taste bitter so the body spits them out
what are the sockets called that the teeth sit in?
alveoli
what is the portion of the tooth called that is visible?
the crown
where are filiform, vallate and fungiform papillae found?
on the dorsum of the tongue
