Chpt. 1: Municipal Arboriculture

Question 1

Presence and concentration of pollutants in the air

Answer 1

Air quality

Question 2

The primary atmospheric contaminants are?

Answer 2

Sulfur dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Ozone, Smog, Particulates

Question 3

Pollutants produced by trees, that can contribute to the formation of ozone and carbon monoxide

Answer 3

biogenic volotile organic compounds

Question 4

Atmospheric gas produced by animals during respiration and used by plants during photosynthesis to produce sugars; an important greenhouse gas

Answer 4

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Question 5

Storage of carbon in plant tissues

Answer 5

Carbon sequestering

Question 6

Organization that produces the Guide for Plant Appraisal.

Answer 6

Council of Tree and Landscape Appraisers (CTLA)

Question 7

Improvements to the world (e.g. air and water quality) provided by the urban forest

Answer 7

Environmental benefits

Question 8

Rise in temperature that the earth experiences because certain gases in the atmosphere trap energy from the sun

Answer 8

Greenhouse effect

Question 9

Gasses in the atmosphere, including water vapor, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and methane, that trap the energy form the sun, increasing the earth’s temperature

Answer 9

Greenhouse gases

Question 10

Organic chemical compound containing hydrogen and carbon atoms. Hydrocarbons from fossil fuels are linked to pollution and global warming

Answer 10

Hydrocarbon

Question 11

A specialized field of arboriculture and urban forestry that deals with management of planted and naturally occurring greenspaces on public land in communities

Answer 11

Municipal arboriculture

Question 12

Gaseous compounds that results from the high temperatures in internal combustion engines, which in turn causes atmospheric nitrogen to combine with oxygen. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is one of the major components of acid rain.

Answer 12

Nitrogen oxides

Question 13

Reduction of sound levels

Answer 13

Noise attenuation

Question 14

Gas formed by photochemical reaction of nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds ( hydrocarbons) in ultraviolet light and moisture

Answer 14

Ozone

Question 15

Small solids suspended in the air that are generated by combustion of fossil fuels, construction and demolition, industrial processes, soil tillage and erosion, and complex reactions between sunlight and gaseous pollutants. Associated with respiratory and cardiopulmonary diseases and cancer

Answer 15

Particulates

Question 16

A component of smog; causes respiratory problems and eye irritation; toxic to plants in high concentrations

Answer 16

Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN)

Question 17

A method to appraise the monetary value of trees considered replaceable with nursery or field-grown stock. Based on the cost of replacement with the same or a comparable species of the same size and in the same place, subject to depreciation for various factors.

Answer 17

Replacement cost method (RCM)

Question 18

A mix of atmospheric chemical compounds including ozone, peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), nitrogen oxides, and hydrocarbons that react chemically when exposed to ultraviolet light

Answer 18

Smog

Question 19

Generated from rain and snowmelt that flows over land or impervious surfaces, such as paved streets, parking lots, and building rooftops, and does not soak into the ground. (peak loading of a stormwater system)

Answer 19

Stormwater runoff

Question 20

The most abundant gaseous pollutant; results form the burning of coal and oil. SOs can be a respiratory irritant. It is one of the major components of acid rain.

Answer 20

Sulfur dioxide (SO2)

Question 21

Method to appraise the monetary value of trees considered too large to be replaced with nursery or field-grown stock. Based on developing a representative unit cost for replacement with the same or comparable species of the same size, and in the same place, subject to depreciation for various factors.

Answer 21

Trunk formula method (TFM)

Question 22

Management of naturally occurring and planted trees and associated plants in urban areas

Answer 22

Urban forestry

Question 23

A phenomenon of cities having air temperatures warmer than adjacent rural areas and producing more smog

Answer 23

Urban heat island