Chpt. 1 Intro to Basics of Pathophysiology (Study Guide) Flashcards
The nurse is explaining the term genomics to a colleague. Which statement is accurate?
“Genomics refers to the study of the function of groups of genes.”
Which is the correct definition of the term
syndrome
group of signs and symptoms of a disease
The nurse is caring for a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which risk factor would the nurse look for in the client’s history?
Obesity
The nurse is teaching a client about the benefits of whole grains. Which statement by the nurse is accurate?
“Whole grains are nutrient-dense.”
The nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who is experiencing worsening shortness of breath and chest tightness. Which term is correct in describing an increase in the severity of the disease?
Exacerbation
Which group is NOT considered a specific lifespan group that requires special consideration? *Young adults *Pregnant patients *Geriatric patients Pediatric patients
Young Adults
Which project is aimed at identifying the order of approximately 3 billion DNA base pairs in all 23 pairs of chromosomes?
Human Genome Project
The nurse is teaching a patient about the consumption of whole grains. Which example would the nurse NOT use?
- White Bread
- Popcorn
- Quinoa
- Oatmeal
White Bread
The nurse assessing a patient should identify which clinical manifestation as a SIGN of a disease?
- Increased heart rate
- Altered taste sensation
- Irretractable nausea
- Peripheral numbness
Increased Heart Rate
The nurse recognizes that techniques available to identify all genetic variations or modifications can influence a particular cell.
Which term should the nurse use to describe this area of study?
*Epigenomics
*Genomics
*Genetics
*Genealogy
Epigenomics
The public health nurse is examining the number of new cases of syphilis within a year in the United States. Which data is the nurse studying? *Incidence *Prevelance *Frequency *Popularity
Incidence
As a nurse, you will be caring for patients with SYNDROMES.
Which response defines this term?
*Group of signs and symptoms that emerge from a disease state
*Something that puts a patient at greater risk of developing a disease
*Situation that is impairing functional ability
*Disruption of psychological function
Group of signs and symptoms that emerge from a disease state
The nurse is conducting a nutrition class for a group of patients. Which shortfall nutrients should the nurse encourage the patients to INCREASE in their diet?
Potassium, Calcium, Vitamin D
Which statement by the nurse accurately describes chronic illnesses as defined by the CDC?
Chronic diseases are prolonged noncommunicable diseases that are seldom cured or spontaneously resolved.
According the the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, which fats should be limited to less than 30 percent of energy intake?
Saturated
The nurse is explaining the term genomics to a patient.
Which statement is accurate?
Genomics is the study of the function of groups of genes in terms of mediating physiological functions.
The nurse is examining public surveillance data.
Which data is the nurse examining?
Mortality
Disease incidence and prevalence of certain diseases have increased in the pediatric population.
Which is an example of such a disease/
Asthma
The nurse is conducting a teaching session on nutrient-dense foods.
The nurse should explain that these foods are associated with lowering the risk for which diseases?
Cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and diabetes.
The nurse is examining public surveillance data.
Which reports are useful sources to provide this data?
Morbidity and mortality
What is the purpose of the Human Genome Project?
To identify the DNA sequence of every gene.
The nurse is basing the care of a patient on the combination of individual clinical experience and the best available clinical proof systematic research.
Which type of practice is the nurse using?
Evidence-based.
The nurse is caring for patients with disruption of psychological or physiological function.
Which term describes these conditions?
Disorder
The nurse is preparing a patient education brochure regarding diseases that develop at an earlier age in men than in women. Which disease would NOT be included? *Lupus *Coronary heart disease *Hypertension *Diabetes
Lupus
In healthcare, which term is used to describe an individual’s experience with a particular disease?
Illness
During a seminar for young adults, the nurse discusses risks for developing cardiovascular disease.
Which factor would be ACCURATE to present?
*Smoking
*Consuming a low-fat diet
*Decreased intake of salt
*Exercising for 1 hour 5 times a week
Smoking
Which disease state should the nurse recognize as being related to the biophysiological concept of cognition?
- Dementia
- Fatigue
- Neuropathy
- Obesity
Demetia
The nurse is caring for a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Which modifiable risk factor should the nurse discuss with this patient?
*Exercise
*Family History
*Genetics
*Race
Exercise
