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meg weather > chpt 1 > Flashcards

chpt 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what percent of water is fresh

A

3

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2
Q

where would you find most of the fresh water

A

ground water, ice, rivers and lakes

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3
Q

what is precipitation

A

water that falls as rain, snow, or sleet

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4
Q

what are the steps of the water cycle

A

evaporation, transpiration, precipitation

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5
Q

what is condensation

A

cooled water vapor that can cling to particles and make clouds

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6
Q

what is evaporation

A

water molecules get enough energy to change to gas

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7
Q

what is transpiration

A

water is given off from leaves as water vapor

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8
Q

what is run-off

A

small amount of water evaporated that goes into streams or lakes

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9
Q

where does the energy for the water cycle come from

A

the atmosphere

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10
Q

describe 2 different paths of a rain drop falling in the mountains to reach the ocean

A

1 stays water but travels through mountain and stream to ocean. #2 rain drop evaporates becomes condensation in a cloud then precipitation again as rain in the ocean

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11
Q

what is a river system

A

a river and all the streams and smaller rivers that flow into it

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12
Q

what is a tributary

A

streams and smaller rivers that feed into bigger rivers

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13
Q

what is watershed

A

a land area that supplies water to a river system

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14
Q

what is an aquifer

A

any underground layer of permeable rock or sediment that allows water to flow through it

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15
Q

what is groundwater

A

???

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16
Q

what is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere

A

nitrogen

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17
Q

percentage of nitrogen

A

75%

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18
Q

oxygen

A

21%

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19
Q

carbon dioxide

A

1%

20
Q

argon makes up about 1% of air what are the other gases called

A

trace gases

21
Q

what happens to air as you rise up in the atmosphere

A

air pressure drops

22
Q

why does a person on a mountain get out of breath quickly

A

as the air pressure drops so does the density (air becomes thinner)

23
Q

how are density and pressure of air related to the mass of the air

A

they are properties of air mass. #1 the amount of mass in a given volume of air is its density. #2 air pressure is a result of the weight of mass

24
Q

name the 4 main layers of the atmosphere in ORDER from earth to space

A

1 troposphere, #2 stratosphere, #3 mesosphere, #4 thermosphere

25
Q

which layer does weather occur in

A

troposphere

26
Q

how are the layers of atmosphere classified

A

according to temperature

27
Q

what is ozone

A

the form of oxygen that has 3 atoms in each molecule instead of the usual 2

28
Q

what 3 ways does energy of the sun reach earth

A

visible light, infrared radiation, ultraviolet radiation

29
Q

what is the greenhouse effect

A

the energy from absorbed radiation heats gases in the air which hold heat in the atmosphere

30
Q

what causes wind

A

differences in air pressure

31
Q

what is the Coriolis effect

A

the way earths rotation makes wind curve

32
Q

know the 3 main types of clouds

A

1 cumulus, #2 stratus, #3 cirrus

33
Q

what kind of cloud brings thunderstorms

A

cumulus

34
Q

what weather is associated with stratus clouds

A

drizzle, rain, or snow

35
Q

what weather is caused by cirrus clouds

A

fair weather

36
Q

study chapter 4 lessen 4 pages 132-139

A

map on page 134

37
Q

what is an isobar

A

lines joining places on a map that have the same air pressure (be able to read it on a weather map)

38
Q

what is the difference of climate and weather

A

weather changes daily, climate is a long term pattern

39
Q

what factors affect temperature of an area

A

lattitude, longitude, distance from large bodies of water and ocean currents

40
Q

what factors affect precipitation of an area

A

prevailing winds, seasonal winds, mountains

41
Q

4 major types of air masses

A

maritime polar, continental polar, continental tropical, maritime tropical

42
Q

4 types of fronts

A

cold , warm, stationary, and occluded

43
Q

weather from a cold front

A

quick weather changes sometimes thunderstorms then cooler air

44
Q

weather from a warm front

A

slow moving, may be rainy or cloudy for days then warmer

45
Q

weather from a stationary front

A

clouds and precipitation

46
Q

weather from a occluded front

A

cooler air then cloudy, raining, or snow

meg weather (1 decks)

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