chpt 1 Flashcards
what percent of water is fresh
3
where would you find most of the fresh water
ground water, ice, rivers and lakes
what is precipitation
water that falls as rain, snow, or sleet
what are the steps of the water cycle
evaporation, transpiration, precipitation
what is condensation
cooled water vapor that can cling to particles and make clouds
what is evaporation
water molecules get enough energy to change to gas
what is transpiration
water is given off from leaves as water vapor
what is run-off
small amount of water evaporated that goes into streams or lakes
where does the energy for the water cycle come from
the atmosphere
describe 2 different paths of a rain drop falling in the mountains to reach the ocean
1 stays water but travels through mountain and stream to ocean. #2 rain drop evaporates becomes condensation in a cloud then precipitation again as rain in the ocean
what is a river system
a river and all the streams and smaller rivers that flow into it
what is a tributary
streams and smaller rivers that feed into bigger rivers
what is watershed
a land area that supplies water to a river system
what is an aquifer
any underground layer of permeable rock or sediment that allows water to flow through it
what is groundwater
???
what is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere
nitrogen
percentage of nitrogen
75%
oxygen
21%
carbon dioxide
1%
argon makes up about 1% of air what are the other gases called
trace gases
what happens to air as you rise up in the atmosphere
air pressure drops
why does a person on a mountain get out of breath quickly
as the air pressure drops so does the density (air becomes thinner)
how are density and pressure of air related to the mass of the air
they are properties of air mass. #1 the amount of mass in a given volume of air is its density. #2 air pressure is a result of the weight of mass
name the 4 main layers of the atmosphere in ORDER from earth to space
1 troposphere, #2 stratosphere, #3 mesosphere, #4 thermosphere
