Chp 7 Flashcards
Memory
the process in which we recollect prior experiences
Flashbulb Memories
Important events that are engrained in our memories
Semantic Memory
General knowledge
Episodic Memory
Memory of a specific event
Explicit Memory
Memory of specific information; both episodic and semantic;
Implicit Memory
Memories of procedures
Encoding
translation of information into a form in which it can be processed; visual, acoustic, and semantic
Storage
Where encoded information is kept
Maintenance Rehearsal
Repeating information until it is memorized
Elaborative Rehearsal
Relating new information to old information to learn it
Retrieval
Finding stored information and returning it to conscious thought
Context-Dependent Memory
the Context of a memory depend on the situation
State-Dependent Memory
Memories retrieved based on a current mood
Tip-of-the-Tounge Phenomenon
Not being able to verbalize thought
Sensory Memory
Initial recording of information
Iconic Memory
Using icons to remember information
Eidetic Memory
Ability to visualize stimuli over long periods of time
Echoic Memory
Mental traces of sound
Short-Term Memory
aka working memory; holds memories for short periods of time
Primacy Effect
The tendency to recall initial items in a list
Recency Effect
The tendency to recall last items in a list
Chunking
organizing items into manageable units
Interference
when new information takes the place of what is already in the short- term memory
Long-Term Memory
Rehearsing information for long time remembrance
Schemas
Mental representations that we form of the world by organizing information into knowledge
Recognition
identifying objects or events that have been encountered before
Recall
To bring back to conscious thought
Relearning
To relearn a stimuli
Decay
The fading of a memory
Infantile Amnesia
Forgetting events of a very young age
Anterograde
Memory loss from trauma that prevents a person form forming new memories
Retrograde Amnesia
Forgetting events leading up to a traumatic event
