CHP 6: Personality

Question 1

The distinctive and relatively stable qualities that characterize an individual, that have some coherence or internal organization to them, and that affect how the person behaves in and adapts to the world.

Answer 1

personality

Question 2

An approach to studying personality based on the adjectives people use to describe themselves and others.

Answer 2

trait approach

Question 3

The five broad personality traits believed to capture most personality differences between people: negative affectivity, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness.

Answer 3

big 5

Question 4

A personality trait distinguished by the tendency to experience and express pessimism and negative emotions.

Answer 4

negative affectivity

Question 5

A model describing how couples balance their desire for closeness with the recognition that intimacy also leaves them vulnerable to being hurt or betrayed; specifically explains how those with low self-esteem may sabotage their relationships by underestimating how favorably their partners view them.

Answer 5

dependence regulation model

Question 6

The family in which a person was raised in childhood and adolescence.

Answer 6

family of origin

Question 7

The characteristics of one’s family of origin that carry forward in time to influence intimate relationships during adolescence and adulthood.

Answer 7

intergenerational transmission effects

Question 8

A theory of intimate relationships proposing that the relationships formed in adulthood are shaped by the nature of the bonds formed with primary caregivers during infancy and early childhood.

Answer 8

attachment theory

Question 9

A set of behaviors and reactions that helps ensure a developing child’s survival by keeping the child in close physical contact with caregivers.

Answer 9

attachment behavior system